CBSE 12 Sociology Question Paper-2025 by Pavan | Practice Test to Test Your Knowledge
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CBSE 12 Sociology Question Paper-2025

CBSE 12 Sociology Question Paper-2025

This mock test includes actual CBSE Class 12 Sociology board exam questions from the year 2025, helping students understand exam trends and practice real paper format

2025-08-19
Pavan Pavan
CBSE Sociology 2025 Grade 12 Class 12

Duration

35 min

Questions

33

Marking

Negative

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Questions Preview

Assertion (A): Industrialisation leads to greater equality, at least in some spheres, such as, caste distinctions do not matter any more in trains, buses, etc. Reason (R): Social inequalities are reducing in the world.

A
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
B
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
C
Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D
Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Assertion (A): The old social movements functioned within the frame of political parties. Reason (R): Old social movements were national.

A
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
B
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
C
Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D
Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

As per the theory of Demographic Transition, which of the following statements are correct? (I) Population growth is linked to overall levels of economic development. (II) Every society follows a typical pattern of development. (III) The development is related to population growth. (IV) There are four stages of population growth.

A
(I) and (II)
B
(II) and (IV)
C
(I) and (III)
D
(I), (II) and (III)

Assertion (A): Often it is thought that imparting knowledge of 'scientific' farming methods will improve the conditions of Indian farmers. Reason (R): The Indian farmers have been cultivating the land for centuries, much before the advent of the Green Revolution.

A
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
B
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
C
Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D
Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Which of the following statements related to Tribal Identity is not true?

A
Assertions of tribal identity are on the rise.
B
This can be laid at the door of the emergence of a middle class within the tribal society.
C
Issues relating to matters of ethnic-cultural identity are becoming less important.
D
Issues relating to control over vital economic resources like land and specially forests, are on the rise.

Social inequality and exclusion are facts of life because: (I) The routine-ness of social inequality and exclusion makes them seem natural. (II) We often tend to see them as 'just' or 'fair'. (III) They are natural things that can be changed. (IV) The poor and disadvantaged are not blamed for their condition.

A
(I) and (II)
B
(I) and (III)
C
(I) and (IV)
D
(II) and (III)

Which of the following statements related to the exclusion of Dalits is not true?

A
The institution of untouchability does not enjoin the avoidance of physical contact or distance from the untouchable.
B
Untouchability refers to a very wide set of social sanctions.
C
The castes that are considered untouchable are considered to have no place in the caste hierarchy.
D
They are considered so impure or 'polluting' that even their touch is considered contaminating for other caste members.

Assertion (A): The laws of a colonised country did not have to stick to the democratic norms that the British back home had to follow in Britain. Reason (R): The colonial administrators were clear that harsh measures were taken against the labourers to make sure they benefitted the planters.

A
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
B
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
C
Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D
Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Which of the following statements is true for the process of socialization?

A
It is a short-term process that only occurs in childhood.
B
It involves continuous dialogue, interaction and sometimes conflict with significant others in our lives.
C
It is a process that only happens in school and has no influence from family or peers.
D
It is a process that ends when a person becomes an adult.

A well-known sociologist said, “...sociological works have been heavily influenced by the discipline’s close ties to the colonial administration.” The works were influenced by:

A
A focus on Indian social structures.
B
A focus on the needs of the colonial administration.
C
A focus on the study of social movements.
D
A focus on the needs of the Indian population.

Why is the study of Social Movements important in Sociology?

A
Social movements were about protests which were perceived by elites as a major threat to the established order of society.
B
Social movements were not seen as forces that led to disorder.
C
Participants of social movements do not have their own shared understanding of right and wrong.
D
Participants did not often resort to public protest.

Which of the following statements related to urbanization is not true?

A
These metros attract migrants from the rural areas as well as from small towns.
B
Urbanization has been occurring at a rapid pace.
C
The biggest cities are growing the fastest.
D
Urbanization only happens in big cities.

Match the following:

A
1-I, 2-II, 3-IV, 4-III
B
1-IV, 2-I, 3-II, 4-III
C
1-III, 2-IV, 3-II, 4-I
D
1-II, 2-III, 3-I, 4-IV

Assertion (A): There is absorption of different tribal groups into caste Hindu society at varying levels of the hierarchy. Reason (R): Tribal lands were colonised and the forests cut down.

A
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
B
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
C
Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
D
Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

Which of the following statements is true for westernisation?

A
It refers to the changes brought about in Indian society and culture as a result of over 150 years of British rule and not just technology.
B
The process of westernization is a one-way process and is not a result of contact with the West.
C
The process of Westernization only affects the technological and scientific aspects of Indian culture.
D
The process of Westernization is a cultural contact that has only a negative impact on Indian society.

What is the key feature that distinguishes a 'Social Movement' from a mere 'collective mobilisation'?

A
A social movement is a sustained and organised effort with a long-term goal, while collective mobilisation is a temporary and spontaneous act.
B
Social movements always succeed in achieving their goals, while collective mobilisations do not.
C
Collective mobilisation involves a large number of people, whereas a social movement involves only a few.
D
Social movements are always violent, while collective mobilisations are peaceful.

Elucidate the key concepts of 'sanskritisation' and 'westernisation'.

A
Sanskritisation is a process of social mobility where lower castes adopt the customs of upper castes, and westernisation is the adoption of Western culture.
B
Sanskritisation is the adoption of Western culture by Indian society, and westernisation is a process of social mobility in which lower castes adopt the customs of upper castes.
C
Both sanskritisation and westernisation are terms that describe the process of Indian society becoming more like Western society.
D
Sanskritisation refers to the spread of education, while westernisation refers to the spread of technology.

How does the 'Sanskritisation' process differ from the 'Westernisation' process?

A
Sanskritisation is a process of social change from within the Indian tradition, while westernisation is a process of change from external influences.
B
Sanskritisation is a process of adopting Western cultural practices, while westernisation is a process of adopting Indian cultural practices.
C
Sanskritisation is a violent process, while westernisation is a peaceful one.
D
Sanskritisation only affects the upper castes, while westernisation affects all castes.

Highlight the challenges that the Indian rural society is facing today.

A
The challenges are limited to financial problems, with no other social or economic issues.
B
Indian rural society is facing challenges such as land fragmentation, decreasing productivity, and increasing indebtedness.
C
The main challenge is the lack of modern technology, which has no impact on social life.
D
The challenges are being faced by farmers, while non-farmers in rural areas are not facing any.

What is the impact of globalisation on the Indian society?

A
Globalisation has led to the complete elimination of traditional Indian cultural practices and values.
B
Globalisation has had a purely negative impact on Indian society, leading to increased poverty and unemployment.
C
Globalisation has had a mixed impact on Indian society, with both positive and negative consequences on different sections of the population.
D
Globalisation has only benefited the rich and has had no impact on the poor.

Explain how the 'demographic dividend' is a potential benefit to the Indian economy.

A
The demographic dividend refers to a large young, working-age population which can lead to increased productivity and economic growth.
B
The demographic dividend refers to the fact that India has a very large elderly population, which can lead to an increase in the number of jobs in the health care sector.
C
The demographic dividend refers to the fact that India has a very small population, which makes it easier to manage the economy.
D
The demographic dividend is a concept that is only applicable to developed countries and is not relevant for India.

What were the challenges faced by the Indian farmers during the Green Revolution?

A
The Green Revolution led to an increase in the income of all farmers, with no negative consequences.
B
The Green Revolution led to an increase in the use of fertilizers and pesticides, which led to environmental degradation and health problems.
C
The Green Revolution led to a decrease in the production of food grains, which caused a food crisis.
D
The Green Revolution only benefited small farmers and had a negative impact on large farmers.

Explain the role of the caste system in the Indian society and its impact on social mobility.

A
The caste system is a flexible system that allows for easy social mobility and change in social status.
B
The caste system is a rigid system that determines a person's social status from birth and has a significant impact on their life chances.
C
The caste system is a modern invention that has no roots in traditional Indian society.
D
The caste system has no impact on a person's social life, as it is only a religious system.

Write a note on the 'collective identity' and 'shared understanding' in the context of social movements.

A
Collective identity and shared understanding are irrelevant to social movements, as they are based on individual actions.
B
Collective identity and shared understanding are key components of social movements, as they provide a sense of unity and a shared purpose among the participants.
C
Collective identity and shared understanding are the result of social movements, and not their cause.
D
Collective identity and shared understanding are only present in violent social movements, not in peaceful ones.

What is the role of the media in shaping public opinion and social change?

A
The media has no role in shaping public opinion, as people form their own opinions based on their personal experiences.
B
The media only reflects the existing public opinion and has no influence on social change.
C
The media plays a significant role in shaping public opinion and can be a powerful force for social change, both positive and negative.
D
The media's role in social change is limited to providing entertainment and has no serious impact on society.

Discuss the impact of the 'digital divide' on social inequality in India.

A
The digital divide has no impact on social inequality, as technology is equally accessible to all sections of the society.
B
The digital divide has reduced social inequality by providing equal access to education and employment opportunities.
C
The digital divide is a concept that is only relevant to developed countries and is not an issue in India.
D
The digital divide, which refers to the unequal access to and use of information and communication technologies, has exacerbated social inequalities in India.

Explain how the social and cultural changes have impacted the family structure in India.

A
Social and cultural changes have had no impact on the family structure in India, which remains traditional and unchanging.
B
The family structure in India has become more patriarchal and joint families have become more common.
C
Social and cultural changes have led to a decline in the joint family system and a rise in nuclear families, especially in urban areas.
D
The family structure in India has become matriarchal, with women holding all the power and authority.

What are the key features of the 'new social movements' and how do they differ from the 'old social movements'?

A
New social movements are global in scope, address issues of quality of life, and often operate outside of traditional party politics, unlike old social movements which were national, class-based, and politically aligned.
B
New social movements are focused on class struggle, while old social movements address issues of environmentalism and gender.
C
Old social movements were non-violent, while new social movements are violent.
D
New social movements are led by political parties, while old social movements were independent of political parties.

Discuss the process of 'industrialisation' and its impact on the social structure of Indian society.

A
Industrialisation has had no impact on the social structure of Indian society, which remains agrarian and traditional.
B
Industrialisation has led to the growth of a new working class, urbanisation, and a decline in traditional occupations, impacting the social structure.
C
Industrialisation has only benefited the rich and has led to a decrease in social inequality.
D
Industrialisation has only led to a decrease in the use of technology and an increase in traditional methods of production.

Based on the passage, what is the 'demographic dividend'?

A
The demographic dividend is the economic benefit that arises from an increase in the number of dependent children and elderly people.
B
The demographic dividend is the economic benefit that arises from a decrease in the number of working-age people.
C
The demographic dividend is the economic benefit that can arise from a shift in the age structure of a country's population, as the share of the working-age population increases and the dependency ratio falls.
D
The demographic dividend is a social phenomenon that has no impact on a country's economy.

What is the key challenge that India faces in order to reap the benefits of the demographic dividend?

A
The main challenge is the lack of a large working-age population.
B
The key challenge is providing education, health care, and employment opportunities for the large working-age population.
C
The main challenge is the high dependency ratio.
D
The key challenge is the low population growth rate.

According to the passage, what is the main reason for the growth of the young working population in India?

A
The main reason is a decrease in the birth rate and an increase in the death rate.
B
The main reason is a high birth rate and a low death rate, which has led to a large young population.
C
The main reason is the high rate of migration from India to other countries.
D
The main reason is the rapid increase in the number of elderly people.

Based on the passage, which of the following is a potential challenge for the Indian economy in the future, if the demographic dividend is not managed properly?

A
An increase in the number of jobs and a decrease in unemployment.
B
A large number of unemployed youth who could become a source of social and economic unrest.
C
A decrease in the number of dependent people and an increase in the working-age population.
D
An increase in the country's economic growth and prosperity.