CBSE Grade-12 Biology | 13. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION by Pavan | Learn Smarter
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13. BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION

The content dives into biodiversity, highlighting its various components—genetic, species, and ecological diversity—and discussing the critical need for conservation due to the alarming rates of species loss driven by human activities. It describes the patterns of biodiversity distribution, particularly the greater species diversity in tropical regions, and emphasizes the importance of biodiversity for ecosystem functionality and survival. Effective conservation strategies are outlined, stressing both in situ and ex situ methods to protect the rich biological heritage of Earth.

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Sections

  • 13

    Biodiversity And Conservation

    This section highlights the diversity of life on Earth and the critical need for its conservation, exploring the various types of biodiversity and the threats faced by ecosystems.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.1

    Biodiversity

    Biodiversity encompasses the variety of life on Earth, highlighting the diversity at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels and the significance of this diversity for human survival.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.1.1

    How Many Species Are There On Earth And How Many In India?

    This section discusses the estimated number of species on Earth and in India, highlighting the challenges in discovering and cataloging biodiversity.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.1.2

    Patterns Of Biodiversity

    Species diversity is notably higher in tropical regions and decreases toward the poles; factors influencing this pattern include environmental stability and evolutionary history.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.1.2.1

    Latitudinal Gradients

    This section explores the patterns of biodiversity, emphasizing the latitudinal gradient where species diversity typically decreases from the equator towards the poles.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.1.2.2

    Species-Area Relationships

    Species richness increases with area, following a predictable relationship.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.1.3

    The Importance Of Species Diversity To The Ecosystem

    Species diversity is crucial for ecosystem stability and health.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.1.4

    Loss Of Biodiversity

    This section discusses the alarming rates of biodiversity loss attributed to human activities and the ongoing extinction crisis.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.2

    Biodiversity Conservation

    This section focuses on the importance of biodiversity conservation and the various strategies employed to preserve the rich diversity of life on Earth.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.2.1

    Why Should We Conserve Biodiversity?

    Conserving biodiversity is essential for economic, ecological, and ethical reasons.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.2.2

    How Do We Conserve Biodiversity?

    Biodiversity can be conserved through both in situ and ex situ approaches, focusing on preserving ecosystems and endangered species.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.2.2.1

    In Situ Conservation

    In situ conservation refers to the conservation of species in their natural habitat, ensuring the preservation of whole ecosystems.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.2.2.2

    Ex Situ Conservation

    Ex situ conservation is a critical approach to protect endangered plants and animals by removing them from their natural habitats and maintaining them in controlled environments.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.3

    Summary

    This section provides an overview of biodiversity, its significance, patterns, conservation strategies, and the urgent need for its preservation.

    Learning Practice

  • 13.4

    Exercises

    This section contains a series of exercises designed to reinforce understanding of biodiversity and conservation concepts discussed in Chapter 13.

    Learning Practice

References

NCERT Study Material

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Biodiversity encompasses ge...
  • Tropical regions host the h...
  • Human activities are the pr...

Final Test

Revision Tests