10. BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Biotechnology plays a crucial role in enhancing food production, improving healthcare, and developing new technologies. Applications include genetically modified crops that tackle food scarcity and advanced medical therapies that utilize recombinant DNA technology. Ethical considerations surrounding genetic engineering are essential to ensure responsible use and protect biodiversity.
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What we have learnt
- Biotechnology encompasses techniques that manipulate living organisms to produce useful products.
- Tissue culture and somatic hybridization are pivotal in plant breeding and crop improvement.
- Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) provide high-yield, stress-resistant crops while contributing to medical advancements through recombinant therapeutics.
Key Concepts
- -- Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO)
- Organisms whose genetic material has been altered through genetic engineering for desired traits.
- -- Tissue Culture
- The practice of growing cells or tissues in a controlled environment, leading to the development of whole plants from various plant parts.
- -- Recombinant DNA Technology
- A method used to combine DNA from two different sources, allowing for the production of new genetic material with desirable traits.
- -- Transgenic Animals
- Animals that have had their DNA manipulated to carry genes from other species, often used for research or production of biological products.
- -- Gene Therapy
- A treatment method that involves modifying genes to treat or prevent diseases, particularly genetic disorders.
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