2. HUMAN REPRODUCTION
Human reproduction encompasses various processes including gametogenesis, insemination, fertilisation, and development during pregnancy. The male and female reproductive systems each play distinct roles, with spermatogenesis occurring in the male testis and oogenesis in the female ovaries. Following fertilisation, the zygote undergoes division and implantation leading to pregnancy, which culminates in parturition, the delivery of the baby.
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What we have learnt
- Humans reproduce sexually as viviparous organisms.
- The male reproductive system is composed of testes, accessory ducts, glands, and external genitalia.
- The female reproductive system includes ovaries, oviducts, the uterus, vagina, and mammary glands.
Key Concepts
- -- Gametogenesis
- The process of forming gametes, which includes spermatogenesis in males and oogenesis in females.
- -- Menstrual Cycle
- A cyclical process that occurs in females, involving the preparation of the uterine lining for potential pregnancy, ovulation, and menstruation.
- -- Fertilisation
- The union of male and female gametes to form a zygote, which leads to the development of an embryo.
- -- Parturition
- The process of childbirth, triggered by hormonal changes that induce uterine contractions.
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