Chapter 1: Destined Greatness, True Freedom, And Educational Paths: The Great Stone Face (I & Ii), The Last Bargain, And The School Boy

"The Great Stone Face" is an allegorical tale about **Ernest**, a kind man who spends his life waiting for a prophecy: that a noble figure resembling a majestic stone face will appear. Despite several famous men returning, Ernest finds they don't match the prophecy. Through a life of quiet virtue and kindness, Ernest unknowingly **cultivates the very qualities** of the Stone Face. In the end, he realizes that the prophecy is fulfilled through **his own self-fulfillment**, demonstrating that true greatness comes from inner character, not external fame or wealth.

Chapter 9 & 10 (Honeydew): The Great Stone Face – I & Ii (By Nathaniel Hawthorne)

This section explores Nathaniel Hawthorne's allegorical tale 'The Great Stone Face', which investigates themes of destiny, prophecy, and the nature of true greatness through the life of a humble man named Ernest.

Poem 4 (Honeydew): The Last Bargain (By Rabindranath Tagore)

In 'The Last Bargain', Tagore explores the nature of freedom and true happiness through a speaker's encounters with various figures offering worldly power.

Poem 5 (Honeydew): The School Boy (By William Blake)

William Blake's poem 'The School Boy' critiques formal education by contrasting the freedom found in nature with the constraints of a school environment.

Chapter 2: Moral Dilemmas, Humour, And Historical Insights: Jalebis & Ancient Education System Of India

"The Great Stone Face" is an allegorical tale about **Ernest**, a kind man who spends his life waiting for a prophecy: that a noble figure resembling a majestic stone face will appear. Despite several famous men returning, Ernest finds they don't match the prophecy. Through a life of quiet virtue and kindness, Ernest unknowingly **cultivates the very qualities** of the Stone Face. In the end, he realizes that the prophecy is fulfilled through **his own self-fulfillment**, demonstrating that true greatness comes from inner character, not external fame or wealth.

Chapter 7 (It So Happened): Jalebis (By Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi)

"Jalebis" is a humorous story about a young schoolboy who spends his school fees on jalebis, then faces a moral dilemma and the consequences of his impulsive decision. ### Medium Summary This story captures the innocence and internal struggles of a Class 5 student who succumbs to the irresistible temptation of hot jalebis using his school fees money. It hilariously details his inner monologue as he rationalizes his actions, his subsequent fear and attempts to avoid consequences, and the eventual realization of his mistake. The narrative subtly teaches lessons about honesty, responsibility, and the repercussions of instant gratification. ### Detailed Summary # Jalebis (By Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi) "Jalebis" is a wonderfully charming and humorous story by Ahmed Nadeem Qasmi that masterfully captures the innocence and internal struggles of a young schoolboy faced with a simple yet significant moral dilemma. The narrative is rich in cultural context and provides a delightful glimpse into the character's inner thoughts and actions, making it both amusing and insightful. ## Humour and Cultural Context: * **Relatable Dilemma**: The humour in the story largely stems from the relatable predicament of the young boy, a Class 5 student. He is given four rupees for school fees, a substantial amount for him, and the temptation of hot, crispy jalebis (a popular Indian sweet) proves irresistible. His internal debate and subsequent actions are highly amusing because many readers can relate to the struggle between duty and immediate gratification, especially for a child. This universal experience, wrapped in a specific cultural package, makes the story endearing. * **Inner Monologue**: The boy's detailed inner thoughts and arguments with himself are a primary source of humour. He tries to rationalize his desire for jalebis, promising himself that he will pay the fees later, perhaps even with scholarship money. His innocent yet elaborate self-deception and the vivid descriptions of his mental wrestling match ("God, please send me four rupees") are genuinely funny. This stream-of-consciousness style allows the reader to fully appreciate the child's perspective and his attempts to justify his actions. * **Cultural Context**: The story is deeply rooted in its Indian cultural setting. The mention of specific sweets like jalebis, the traditional **maktab** (school), the **monitor system** in class, and the setting of old-fashioned street vendors all add to the authenticity and charm of the narrative. The values and social norms, such as the importance of honesty and saving money, are implicitly present, providing a backdrop against which the boy's dilemma unfolds. ## Moral Dilemma and Character's Inner Thoughts and Actions: The heart of the story lies in the boy's moral dilemma and the vivid portrayal of his inner thoughts and actions as he navigates it. * **The Dilemma**: The boy's dilemma is simple: use the money for its intended purpose (school fees) or succumb to the overwhelming temptation of buying delicious jalebis. This seemingly small choice carries significant weight for a child, representing a clash between responsibility and desire – a universal human conflict. * **Inner Conflict and Rationalization**: The boy's internal monologue reveals his struggle. He tries to justify his impending action by promising to use his future scholarship money for fees. He even tries to involve God in his plan, believing a miracle will occur by sending him the exact amount needed. This shows how children (and sometimes adults!) rationalize their impulsive decisions. He grapples with guilt and temptation, making the reader privy to his innocent yet complex reasoning, which often involves magical thinking characteristic of childhood. * **The Act of Giving In**: Despite his promises to himself, the allure of the jalebis is too strong. He buys a whole rupee's worth, then another, and another, until all four rupees are spent. His generosity in sharing with other children briefly alleviates his guilt and gives him a fleeting sense of heroism, but the harsh reality of unpaid fees soon sets in, bringing him back to his predicament. * **Consequences and Fear**: The consequences of his actions are immediate and severe for a child: fear of being caught, fear of the teacher, and the crushing weight of having misused the money. He tries to avoid school, pretends to be sick, and even resorts to desperate prayer for divine intervention, lying prostrate on the ground. His attempts to evade responsibility and his growing anxiety are realistically portrayed, making his distress palpable. * **The Moral Lesson**: The story implicitly teaches the importance of honesty, responsibility, and the consequences of impulsive decisions driven by immediate gratification. While presented humorously, it gently underlines that short-term pleasures can lead to long-term anxiety and trouble. The boy's predicament, though funny, serves as a cautionary tale about succumbing to temptation and the importance of fulfilling one's duties. It's a subtle yet effective way to impart values without being preachy. "Jalebis" is a delightful and insightful story that masterfully uses humour to explore a universal childhood experience: the moral tug-of-war between desire and responsibility, and the often-amusing internal justifications we create for our actions. It offers a relatable portrayal of a child's inner world and the lessons learned from youthful mistakes.

Chapter 8 (It So Happened): Ancient Education System Of India (Informative Text)

"Ancient Education System of India" details the traditional **Gurukul system** where students lived with their guru for holistic development. Education covered not just religious texts but also subjects like **mathematics, astronomy, and medicine**. The **guru-shishya relationship** was sacred. Emphasis was on character building, practical learning, and oral methods, with access varying by social structure. This system aimed for overall individual development, beyond just livelihood.