22.12.3. Sulfate Attack Resistance

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is sulfate attack?

   Hint

   Think about harmful reactions in construction.

2. 2.

   How do polymers help in PMC?

   Hint

   Consider the benefits of polymers.

3. 3.

   What is the primary benefit of PMC in sulfate-rich environments?

   • Increased weight
   • Reduced permeability
   • Higher cost

   Hint

   Think about what helps protect the concrete structure.

4. 4.

   True or False: PMC is less effective against sulfate attacks than OPC.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Remember the advantages of using polymers.

5. 5.

   Design a concrete mix for a new coastal structure that must withstand sulfate-rich conditions. Describe how you would incorporate PMC.

   Hint

   Consider the environmental factors in your design.

6. 6.

   Perform a cost-benefit analysis between using PMC and ordinary concrete in a sulfate-rich environment. What factors should be included?

   Hint

   Examine both short-term and long-term impacts.