Detailed Summary
The conclusion encapsulates the essence of Indian nationalism that evolved through collective actions against colonial rule. It notes that the growing resentment towards the colonial government united various social classes and groups in a common struggle for independence during the early twentieth century. Mahatma Gandhi's Congress party played a pivotal role in organizing these movements, aiming to address the grievances of the different strata of society. However, the aspirations and expectations of these diverse groups differed significantly, leading to internal conflicts within the nationalist movement.
The text reflects on the unity and disunity within the Congress party as it attempted to channel widespread discontent toward a unified goal of independence. As movements gained momentum, they also encountered challenges due to conflicting interests among participants. Lastly, the narrative emphasizes that Indian nationalism was not a monolithic entity; rather, it comprised multiple voices demanding freedom, each with unique interpretations of what that freedom should embody.
The call for complete withdrawal from colonial rule culminated in the 'Quit India' movement, which saw widespread participation yet faced severe repression from the British authorities. Gandhiji’s call to action galvanized ordinary people, highlighting the movement's mass character by involving students, workers, and leaders from various strata of society.