The Idea of Satyagraha
Satyagraha, conceived by Mahatma Gandhi during his resistance against racial discrimination in South Africa, refers to 'truth force' or 'soul force'. This method of non-violent protest is rooted in the belief that truth and moral rectitude hold the ultimate power. Gandhi advocated that if a cause is just, it does not require physical force against the oppressors; instead, it calls for a struggle through non-violence and moral persuasion.
Upon returning to India in 1915, Gandhi applied the principles of Satyagraha to various social struggles, notably the Champaran and Kheda movements, advocating for the rights of peasants under oppressive colonial practices. Following these successes, his opposition to the oppressive Rowlatt Act in 1919 galvanized a nationwide Satyagraha campaign, marking the beginning of organized resistance against British colonial rule.
The section delves into Gandhi's philosophy that Satyagraha embodies active resistance, where those pursuing the truth actively engage in their struggle without causing harm to others. This approach aimed to transform the oppressor's mindset by appealing to their conscience, thus establishing a moral high ground.
In summary, Satyagraha is presented not merely as a tactical approach to resistance but as an ethical and spiritual movement integral to India's fight for independence.