Detailed Summary
This section, titled "Laws for the Marginalised," explores the various laws and policies established by the Indian government to protect and uplift marginalized communities, such as Dalits and Adivasis. It underscores the importance of promoting social justice as part of implementing the Constitution.
The text opens with the acknowledgment that, while government laws are crucial, additional measures are also essential for fostering equality. An example provided is the case of Soyrabai questioning societal notions of purity, suggesting that all humans are equal regardless of caste distinctions.
The government implements various schemes to enhance access to education and employment for marginalized communities, particularly in tribal and Dalit-dominated areas. Notably, the reservation policy is discussed as a significant, albeit contentious, law that reserves seats in educational institutions and government posts for Dalits and Adivasis. This aims to rectify centuries of denied opportunities.
Through a structured approach, the section explains how reservation policies operate, including the requirement of caste and tribe certificates for applicants to avail benefits. It emphasizes that these policies provide essential support, such as free hostels and special scholarships for students from marginalized backgrounds. The section also hints towards further exploration of reservation policies in the subsequent political science curriculum.