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In this section, we explore the various types of farming practices, the importance of agricultural development, and the roles of different regions in global agriculture, emphasizing the distinction between subsistence and commercial farming.
Agriculture, derived from the Latin words ager (soil) and cultura (cultivation), involves the processes of cultivating land for crops, rearing livestock, and producing food. Approximately half of the world's population is engaged in agricultural activities, particularly in developing countries like India. The types of economic activities in agriculture are categorized as primary (extraction of natural resources), secondary (processing), and tertiary (services supporting the other sectors). Favorable conditions for agriculture include arable land and a suitable climate, with facts highlighting both subsistence and commercial farming practices and their constraints. Additionally, major crops such as rice, wheat, and cotton, along with agricultural development strategies aimed at increasing productivity, are discussed alongside case studies from various nations, showcasing the differences in agricultural practices worldwide.
Agriculture: The practice of cultivating soil and raising crops.
Types of Farming: Classification into subsistence (for family) and commercial (for profit).
Major Crops: Staples include rice, wheat, and maize differing in climate and soil needs.
Agricultural Development: Efforts to improve production and efficiency.
Seeds in the soil, crops will strive, with proper care, they come alive.
Once upon a time, a farmer named Munna grew grains and lentils, just enough to feed his family—showing that small efforts can make big impacts in nourishment.
Remember 'FARM' - Fertility, Area, Resources, Management as key factors in successful agriculture.
In India, Munna Lal practices subsistence farming, growing wheat and pulses for his family.
Joe Horan in the USA utilizes technology such as soil testing and precision farming for large-scale crop management.
Term: Agriculture
Definition: The science and art of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising animals.
The science and art of cultivating soil, growing crops, and raising animals.
Term: Subsistence Farming
Definition: A type of farming that aims to produce enough food to feed the farmer's family.
A type of farming that aims to produce enough food to feed the farmer's family.
Term: Commercial Farming
Definition: Farming conducted for the purpose of generating product for sale in the market.
Farming conducted for the purpose of generating product for sale in the market.
Term: Arable Land
Definition: Land suitable for growing crops.
Land suitable for growing crops.
Term: Irrigation
Definition: The artificial application of water to the soil for aiding the growth of crops.
The artificial application of water to the soil for aiding the growth of crops.
Term: High Yielding Variety (HYV)
Definition: A variety of crop seeds designed to produce more grain than traditional varieties.
A variety of crop seeds designed to produce more grain than traditional varieties.