The Khurda Uprising – A Case Study
Introduction
The Khurda Uprising in 1817 was a significant precursor to the larger revolt of 1857 in India and reflects the growing discontent with British colonial policies that started building throughout the 19th century.
Historical Context
Khurda, a small kingdom in Orissa, had its governance disrupted by British annexation and increasing economic exploitation. After losing territories and authority over the Jagannath Temple, Mukunda Dev II organized resistance against the British to reclaim his lost influence and rights, leading to widespread dissatisfaction among the local populace.
Rise of Discontent
The British administration’s harsh policies, such as the resumption of service tenures and increased revenue demands without regard for local agricultural capacities, fueled resentment. Many local leaders suffered losses, while the masses faced severe financial strain and displacement.
The Uprising
The uprising began on March 29, 1817, when the Paiks attacked government establishments, marking a surge of rebellion. Under Buxi Jagabandhu, the resistance obtained substantial support, causing alarm among British authorities.
British Response and Aftermath
The British imposed Martial Law, captured the king, and attempted to quell the uprising violently. Despite initial successes in suppressing the rebellion, local resistance continued under Buxi Jagabandhu until his surrender in 1825. Eventually, the British revised their approach, introducing reforms in administration and easing some oppressive policies, but the uprising remains a critical chapter in Orissa’s resistance against colonialism.