Endemic Species
Endemic species are defined as those organisms, either plants or animals, that are unique to a specific geographic location and are not naturally found anywhere else in the world. This phenomenon emphasizes the importance of biodiversity in different ecosystems. An example highlighted in the section can be observed in the Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve.
Madhavji, a guide, points out the giant squirrel, a substantial creature indicative of the area’s endemic fauna. Additionally, examples of endemic flora, such as sal trees and wild mango, are discussed, underlining the uniqueness of these species to their respective environments.
The section elucidates that the primary threats to endemic species include habitat destruction, increasing human populations, and the introduction of non-native species. Such factors can drastically alter their natural habitat, endangering their survival.
Species, in this context, refers to a group of organisms capable of interbreeding, sharing common characteristics. The loss of endemic species can lead to detrimental effects on the ecosystem and biodiversity, which makes conservation efforts vital to maintain balance within these fragile environments.