4.1.6. Fallacies

Try these first

1. 1.

   Define what a logical fallacy is.

   Hint

   Think about errors in arguments that one might encounter.

2. 2.

   Give an example of affirming the conclusion.

   Hint

   Consider how one conclusion can seem correct when another premise is correct.

3. 3.

   What is a logical fallacy?

   • An error in reasoning
   • A valid argument structure
   • A conclusion drawn from premises

   Hint

   Think about what happens when logic fails.

4. 4.

   True or False: Affirming the conclusion is always a valid argument.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Recall the definition of affirming the conclusion.

5. 5.

   Construct an argument that exemplifies both the fallacy of affirming the conclusion and the fallacy of denying the hypothesis.

   Hint

   Reflect on the relationships between premises and conclusions.

6. 6.

   Analyze the following statement: 'If I love math, I will pass the exam. I do not love math. Thus, I will not pass the exam.' Identify and justify any fallacies present.

   Hint

   Consider whether the relationship holds true regardless of premise denial.