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Time in IKT is primarily understood as cyclical, vast, and repetitive, reflecting the natural rhythms of the cosmos (day/night, seasons, lunar cycles). Yugas: Human history is understood as progressing through vast cycles called Yugas: Satya Yuga (Golden Age), Treta Yuga, Dvapara Yuga, and Kali Yuga (Iron Age, our current era). Each succeeding Yuga is shorter and marked by a gradual decline in Dharma, virtue, and human lifespan, leading to increasing strife and suffering. The duration of these Yugas is immense, spanning thousands and tens of thousands of divine years. Kalpas (Aeons): A complete cycle of four Yugas forms a Mahayuga. A thousand Mahayugas constitute a Kalpa, which represents one day of Brahma (the cosmic creator deity). A Kalpa is an incredibly long period, estimated at billions of human years, during which the universe undergoes creation, sustenance, and dissolution (Pralaya), only to be re-created in the next Kalpa. This cyclical view emphasizes the impermanence of all manifest forms and the eternal nature of the underlying Ultimate Reality that transcends these cycles.
In Indian Knowledge Traditions, time isn't just a straight line from past to future. Instead, it's seen as a giant, repeating cycle, much like the changing seasons or the endless cycle of day and night. This includes vast periods called Yugas, where humanity gradually declines in virtue, and even larger cycles called Kalpas, which are like cosmic days and nights for the entire universe, involving creation, maintenance, and dissolution. This deep cyclical understanding means that while everything we see and experience is temporary, the underlying reality itself is eternal. It gives a sense of both grand scale and constant renewal.
Imagine a Ferris wheel. Each cabin (a Yuga) goes through its phase, rising and falling, but the entire wheel (the Kalpa) keeps rotating, returning to its starting point to begin a new cycle. This illustrates how time is seen as endlessly repeating, with periods of rise and fall, rather than a one-time linear progression.
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Key Concepts
Cyclical Time: Time operates in vast, repeating cosmic cycles (Yugas, Kalpas).
Linear Progression: Individual lives and spiritual journeys show linear advancement within these cycles.
Multi-Dimensional Space: Space is not empty but has multiple layers of reality.
Sacred Space: Certain locations are considered spiritually potent.
Vastu Shastra: A practical application of spatial understanding for harmonious design.
The changing of seasons exemplifies cyclical time.
A person's journey from childhood to old age is an example of linear progression.
The Himalayas being considered a holy site is an example of sacred geography.
Designing a home according to directions for good energy flow is a practice of Vastu Shastra.
Term: Yuga
Definition: A vast cyclical period of human history marked by decline in virtue.
Term: Kalpa
Definition: An immense cosmic cycle of creation, sustenance, and dissolution; a day of Brahma.
Term: Samsara
Definition: The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (linear progression towards Moksha breaks this cycle).
Term: Vastu Shastra
Definition: Ancient Indian science of architecture for harmonious spatial design.
Term: Tirthas
Definition: Sacred geographical locations.
Rhyme: Time flows in circles, a cosmic grand sway, / While lives progress onward, come what may. / Space holds dimensions, and places divine, / Vastu aligns, for harmony's design.
Story: Imagine a giant cosmic clock. Its main hands move in vast circles (Kalpas and Yugas), representing cosmic cycles. But on its face, there are smaller hands (individual lives, Karma) that move forward linearly through those cycles. And the clock itself isn't just a machine; it's decorated with meaningful symbols and designed to capture positive energy (multi-dimensional space and Vastu).
Mnemonic: Use C.L.A.S.P. to remember: Cyclical, Linear, And Space. (Connects the two main ideas).
Acronym: T.C.L.S.V. for Time Cyclical Linear Space Vastu.
Visual Analogy: For cyclical time, show a series of nested gears, with the largest gear representing a Kalpa and smaller gears representing Yugas within it. For linear progression, draw a path across these gears.
Practical Reflection: Ask students to consider how their perception of time might change if they deeply believed in cosmic cycles rather than just a linear timeline. How might it affect long-term planning, personal goals, or acceptance of change?
Lecture #1: Indian knowledge systems in the light of NEP 2020
ESSENCE IN TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE | INDIAN EDUCTAION | PRADEEP
Ancient India's Scientific Achievements & Contribution in Mathematics, Astronomy, Science & Medicine
Introduction to Indian Knowledge Systems: Concepts & Applications| Prof. B. Mahadevan| #sangamtalks
See how the concepts apply in real-world scenarios to understand their practical implications.
The changing of seasons exemplifies cyclical time.
A person's journey from childhood to old age is an example of linear progression.
The Himalayas being considered a holy site is an example of sacred geography.
Designing a home according to directions for good energy flow is a practice of Vastu Shastra.
Term: Yuga
Definition: A vast cyclical period of human history marked by decline in virtue.
Term: Kalpa
Definition: An immense cosmic cycle of creation, sustenance, and dissolution; a day of Brahma.
Term: Samsara
Definition: The cycle of birth, death, and rebirth (linear progression towards Moksha breaks this cycle).
Term: Vastu Shastra
Definition: Ancient Indian science of architecture for harmonious spatial design.
Term: Tirthas
Definition: Sacred geographical locations.
Rhyme: Time flows in circles, a cosmic grand sway, / While lives progress onward, come what may. / Space holds dimensions, and places divine, / Vastu aligns, for harmony's design.
Story: Imagine a giant cosmic clock. Its main hands move in vast circles (Kalpas and Yugas), representing cosmic cycles. But on its face, there are smaller hands (individual lives, Karma) that move forward linearly through those cycles. And the clock itself isn't just a machine; it's decorated with meaningful symbols and designed to capture positive energy (multi-dimensional space and Vastu).
Mnemonic: Use C.L.A.S.P. to remember: Cyclical, Linear, And Space. (Connects the two main ideas).
Acronym: T.C.L.S.V. for Time Cyclical Linear Space Vastu.
Visual Analogy: For cyclical time, show a series of nested gears, with the largest gear representing a Kalpa and smaller gears representing Yugas within it. For linear progression, draw a path across these gears.
Practical Reflection: Ask students to consider how their perception of time might change if they deeply believed in cosmic cycles rather than just a linear timeline. How might it affect long-term planning, personal goals, or acceptance of change?
Lecture #1: Indian knowledge systems in the light of NEP 2020
ESSENCE IN TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE | INDIAN EDUCTAION | PRADEEP
Ancient India's Scientific Achievements & Contribution in Mathematics, Astronomy, Science & Medicine
Introduction to Indian Knowledge Systems: Concepts & Applications| Prof. B. Mahadevan| #sangamtalks
Use mnemonics, acronyms, or visual cues to help remember key information more easily.
For cyclical time, show a series of nested gears, with the largest gear representing a Kalpa and smaller gears representing Yugas within it. For linear progression, draw a path across these gears.
- Practical Reflection
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ESSENCE IN TRADITIONAL KNOWLEDGE | INDIAN EDUCTAION | PRADEEP
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Ancient India's Scientific Achievements & Contribution in Mathematics, Astronomy, Science & Medicine
<a href="https
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Introduction to Indian Knowledge Systems
Review key concepts with flashcards.
Review the Definitions for terms.
Term: Vastu Shastra
Definition:
Ancient Indian science of architecture and planning, focusing on spatial harmony and energy flow.
Term: Vastu Shastra
Definition:
A practical application of spatial understanding for harmonious design.
Term: Definition
Definition:
Sacred geographical locations.
Term: Acronym
Definition:
T.C.L.S.V. for Time Cyclical Linear Space Vastu.
Term: Practical Reflection
Definition:
Ask students to consider how their perception of time might change if they deeply believed in cosmic cycles rather than just a linear timeline. How might it affect long-term planning, personal goals, or acceptance of change?
Indian cosmology presents a distinctive view of time and space, often contrasting with the predominantly linear conception found in many other cultures.