Theme B: Form and Function
The chapter examines the fundamental concepts of biology, including the structure and function of molecules, cells, and organisms, as well as their adaptations within ecosystems. It explores key biomolecules such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and the mechanisms of cell membranes and transport. The chapter also discusses topics like gas exchange, transport systems in animals and plants, and the various types of adaptations that organisms exhibit in their environments.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- Carbohydrates and lipids are vital for energy storage and structural integrity in living organisms.
- Proteins serve a multitude of functions including enzymatic activity, structural support, and transport.
- Cell membranes regulate the movement of substances, which is crucial for cellular function and compartmentalization.
Key Concepts
- -- Carbohydrates
- Organic molecules composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serving as energy sources or structural components.
- -- Lipids
- Hydrophobic molecules that include fats, oils, and steroids, essential for long-term energy storage and making up cell membranes.
- -- Proteins
- Polymers of amino acids; involved in virtually all cell functions.
- -- Cell Membrane
- A semi-permeable barrier composed of a phospholipid bilayer that regulates the entry and exit of substances.
- -- Gas Exchange
- The process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between organisms and their environment.
- -- Adaptation
- Traits that enhance an organism's ability to survive and reproduce in specific environments.
Additional Learning Materials
Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.