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IB Grade 12 Physical and Health Education (SEHS)
The Grade 12 Physical and Health Education course under the International Baccalaureate (IB) framework is designed to provide students with an in-depth understanding of the interrelationship between physical activity, health, and overall well-being. This course emphasizes both theoretical knowledge and practical application, fostering a holistic approach to health and fitness. Students will explore advanced concepts in anatomy and physiology, biomechanics, nutrition, and psychological aspects of sports and exercise. Through engaging in various physical activities, students will develop motor skills, strategic thinking, and collaborative abilities. The course also encourages students to critically analyze health-related issues, understand the importance of lifelong physical activity, and make informed decisions to maintain a healthy lifestyle. International Baccalaureate® isparis.edu Aligned with the IB philosophy, this course promotes international-mindedness, intercultural understanding, and respect. It prepares students for further education in health sciences, sports studies, and related fields, as well as for active participation in a global society.
Course Chapters
Chapter 1: Anatomy and Physiology
The chapter examines the anatomy and physiology of the human body, highlighting the skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. Each system is discussed in terms of its structure, functions, and mechanisms, emphasizing their roles in supporting movement, transporting nutrients and gases, and maintaining homeostasis during physical activity.
Chapter 2: Exercise Physiology
The chapter delves into exercise physiology, highlighting how the cardiovascular, respiratory, and muscular systems adapt to the increased demands of physical activity. It covers critical concepts such as heart rate, stroke volume, ventilation rate, and muscle metabolism, emphasizing their roles in optimizing performance and health. Effective thermoregulation during exercise is also discussed, outlining mechanisms to manage body temperature while engaging in strenuous activity.
Chapter 3: Energy Systems
Energy systems are crucial for physical activity, enabling the body to produce ATP, the primary energy molecule necessary for muscle contraction. This chapter explores anaerobic and aerobic systems, detailing how they contribute to energy production under varying conditions. Understanding these systems enhances athletic performance and informs effective training strategies.
Chapter 4: Movement Analysis
Understanding human movement involves the study of biomechanics, joint types and movements, motor units and muscle contraction, and the use of video analysis in sports. These concepts are essential for enhancing physical performance and preventing injuries. Knowledge of these principles allows for critical evaluation and improvement of human movement in various contexts.
Chapter 5: Skill Acquisition and Psychology
Understanding how individuals acquire, develop, and apply motor skills is fundamental in physical education. The chapter explores various learning theories, types of practice, and psychological factors such as motivation and arousal that influence performance. Additionally, it highlights mental preparation techniques, including goal setting, visualization, and concentration, essential for maximizing athletic potential.
Chapter 6: Measurement and Evaluation of Human Performance
The chapter details the importance of accurate measurement and evaluation in sports science and physical education. It outlines the principles of fitness testing, study design in performance evaluation, components of fitness, fitness testing protocols, data collection and analysis, validity and reliability, and ethical considerations in testing. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding to enhance athletic performance and health outcomes.
Chapter 7: Nutrition and Health
Nutrition is crucial for health and athletic performance, influencing energy levels, recovery, and well-being. Key components encompass macronutrients and micronutrients, hydration strategies, and the psychological aspects of eating, including risks of eating disorders and supplementation. Proper nutritional planning plays a significant role in optimizing training outcomes and maintaining overall health.
Chapter 8: Contemporary Issues in Sport and Health
The integration of sport and health is increasingly recognized in contemporary society, highlighting the impact of physical activity on preventing lifestyle diseases, addressing gender equity in sport, and the implications of technology and doping. Understanding these issues empowers individuals to engage ethically and critically with physical fitness.