9.2. Graphical Interpretation and I-V Characteristics

Try these first

1. 1.

   What does forward bias in a transistor mean?

   Hint

   Think about which terminal needs to be at a higher voltage for current to enter the transistor.

2. 2.

   Which quadrant do I-V characteristics for p-n-p transistors typically appear in?

   Hint

   Consider how polarity changes affect the location of the graph.

3. 3.

   What is necessary for a transistor to operate in its active region?

   • Both junctions are forward biased
   • Emitter to base junction is forward biased
   • collector to base junction is reverse biased
   • Both junctions are reverse biased

   Hint

   Consider how we apply voltages to the transistor.

4. 4.

   True or false: p-n-p transistors operate the same as n-p-n transistors.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Think about which way current flows in each type.

5. 5.

   Explain how varying the base voltage in a p-n-p transistor affects the collector current. Use mathematical reasoning.

   Hint

   Pay attention to the bias configurations!

6. 6.

   Design a circuit using an n-p-n transistor to amplify an input signal; discuss biasing conditions and expected output characteristics.

   Hint

   Graphically represent your findings and current flow!