COMPUTER AIDED BUILDING PLANNING AND DRAWING (BCV305)
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Understanding Staircase Designs
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Welcome everyone! Today, we will discuss the importance of staircase designs in buildings. Can anyone tell me why staircases are significant?
I think they provide access to different floors.
Great point, Student_1! Staircases are essential for vertical mobility but also must meet safety standards. Let's remember 'S-A-F-E' — Safety is paramount, Accessibility is necessary, and Functionality is key. What's another type of staircase?
Maybe an open newel staircase?
Exactly! Open newel staircases allow for more light and space. Now, what do you think distinguishes a dog legged staircase from an open newel one?
A dog legged staircase has a turn in it, while an open newel doesn't have that.
Correct! Let's summarize: dog legged staircases feature a turn, whereas open newels remain open and airy.
Drawing an RCC Dog Legged Staircase
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Now, onto the practical exercise of drawing an RCC dog legged staircase. This staircase spans 3m by 5.5m. Can anyone recap the main measurements provided?
The vertical distance is 3.3m, with a tread of 300mm and rise of 150mm.
Well done! Don't forget the thickness of the waist slab and landing slab, which is 150mm. Why is knowing these dimensions critical?
To ensure structural integrity and proper fit.
Exactly! And as you draw, think about the reinforcement details. What are the main steel specifications?
10ϕ@125c/c spacing.
Very good! Let's solidify this with a last recap: Accurate dimensions and specifications are essential for safe staircase design.
Open Newel Staircase Design
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As we move to the open newel staircase, what dimensions should we keep in mind?
The inside dimensions are 4.5m by 5.4m, and the height is 3.6m.
Good! Now, what about the tread and riser?
They're both also the same: 300mm for tread and 150mm for riser.
Excellent! Remember the waist slab thickness too. Can anyone summarize why these specifications are important?
They ensure the staircase is safe and ergonomic for users.
Well summarized! All these components contribute to a well-designed staircase.
Introduction & Overview
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Quick Overview
Standard
The section provides detailed exercises on drawing different types of staircases, specifically RCC dog legged and open newel staircases. It includes information about measurements, material specifications, and reinforcement details necessary for accurate construction drawings.
Detailed
In this section, we explore the computer-aided design of staircases, which are crucial in building architecture for safety and usability. Exercise 12.1 details the drawing of an RCC dog legged staircase for an office building, specifying dimensions such as a landing height of 3.3m, tread of 300mm, and rise of 150mm among others. Similarly, Exercise 12.2 focuses on an open newel staircase with measurements of 4.5m x 5.4m and a height of 3.6m. Both exercises emphasize the importance of precise measurements and reinforcement details, ensuring stability and compliance with engineering standards.
Audio Book
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Exercise 12.1: Dog Legged Staircase
Chapter 1 of 2
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Chapter Content
Draw plan and sectional elevation of RCC dog legged staircase for an office building which measures 3m x 5.5m. The vertical distance between the floor is 3.3m (including landing). Thickness of the floor slab is 150mm. Provide steps with tread of 300mm and rise of 150mm. Thickness of waist slab and landing slab is 150mm. Width of stair is 1.5m. Reinforcement details: main steel: 10ϕ@125c/c spacing and distribution: 8ϕ@ 250 c/c spacing.
Detailed Explanation
The exercise focuses on creating a drawing of a specific type of staircase called a 'dog legged staircase' that is commonly used in buildings. The dimensions provided indicate that the staircase is intended for an office building and has a total measurement of 3 meters in width and 5.5 meters in length. The vertical distance between two floors where this staircase is located is 3.3 meters, which includes the landing. The floor slab, which provides a flat surface for stepping, is specified to be 150mm thick. The staircase steps are to be designed with a tread depth of 300mm for walking and a rise of 150mm between each step, which creates a comfortable walking angle. Additionally, both the waist slab (which connects the steps) and the landing slab (the flat area at the top and bottom of the staircase) are also 150mm thick. The width of the entire staircase is set at 1.5 meters, providing ample space for two people to ascend or descend simultaneously. Finally, the reinforcement details specify how the main steel and other reinforcing bars should be arranged within the staircase structure, ensuring strength and safety during its use.
Examples & Analogies
Think of a dog legged staircase like a stairway in a multi-level shop or office. It’s not just one straight line of stairs; it has turns (just like making a dog leg turn) that allow you to change direction while going up or down. Imagine you're climbing stairs in a mall—your comfortable pace is ensured because the steps are designed just right, making it easy to walk. Additionally, just as a solid foundation is necessary for building a house, the reinforced materials in the staircase ensure it can handle the daily foot traffic of people coming and going.
Exercise 12.2: Open Newel Staircase
Chapter 2 of 2
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Chapter Content
Draw plan and sectional elevation of an open newel staircase with a rectangular well for an office building with the following data: Inside dimensions of staircase = 4.5m x 5.4m. Height between the floors is 3.6m. Thickness of the floor slab and landing slab is 150mm. Width of landing=1.5m. Width of stair = 1.5m. Tread=300mm, riser=150mm. Waist slab thickness = 150mm. Reinforcement details: Main steel: 12ϕ@150 c/c spacing and Distribution: 8ϕ @ 250 c/c spacing.
Detailed Explanation
In this exercise, the task is to create a drawing for an open newel staircase, which allows an open area or 'well' in the middle that can act as a light source. The interior dimensions of the staircase indicate that it has a width of 4.5 meters and a length of 5.4 meters, making it larger than the previous example. The height from one floor to the next is listed as 3.6 meters, providing a grand vertical space. Much like the previous exercise, both the floor and landing slabs are specified to be 150mm thick, ensuring structural integrity. The width of both the landing and the stairs is again set at 1.5 meters, enhancing accessibility. The design follows the same comfortable measurements for tread depth (300mm) and riser height (150mm). Similar to the previous staircase, a waist slab of 150mm thickness is noted, along with reinforcement details that involve main steel at a spacing of 12ϕ@150 c/c and distribution steel at spacing of 8ϕ@250 c/c, indicating how the staircase must be constructed to withstand usage.
Examples & Analogies
Imagine entering a trendy restaurant and encountering a stairway that spirals up with an open space in the middle—this is an open newel staircase. The spaciousness not only looks appealing but also allows natural light to flow down. Just like how a barn needs strong wooden beams to remain standing and functional, a well-designed staircase requires careful attention to the materials and structure. The specification of reinforcement bars in this staircase ensures it stays stable and safe for everyone using it, just like how the beams in the barn keep it standing strong.
Key Concepts
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Safety in Design: Ensuring staircases meet safety standards is critical to prevent accidents.
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Dimensions and Measurements: Accurate specifications like tread, riser, and slab thickness are essential for functionality.
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Material Specifications: Knowledge of reinforcement and materials affects the strength and longevity of stair design.
Examples & Applications
An RCC dog-legged staircase with the specified dimensions is drawn ensuring all defined measurements are adhered to.
An open newel staircase featuring a rectangular well and specified dimensions is designed for better aesthetic appeal and natural lighting.
Memory Aids
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Rhymes
Stairs that twist and turn, Dog legged stairs you learn. Upward they rise with treads so wide, Safety in use, our trusted guide.
Stories
Imagine a family moving into their new home, tired from the long journey. They climb the dog legged staircase with comfort, knowing each stand is sturdy and safe, thanks to reinforced concrete.
Memory Tools
Remember T-R-E-A-D: Tread for footing, Riser for height, Even steps for safety, And durability through steel, Design with care!
Acronyms
S.A.F.E.
Safety
Accessibility
Functionality
Efficiency in staircase design.
Flash Cards
Glossary
- RCC Staircase
Reinforced Cement Concrete Staircase, a common type of staircase that uses concrete reinforced with steel.
- Tread
The horizontal part of a staircase step where the foot is placed.
- Riser
The vertical portion of a staircase step that provides height.
- Waist Slab
The horizontal concrete slab that bears the loads and connects the two flights of a staircase.
- Reinforcement
Steel bars added to concrete to increase its strength and durability.
Reference links
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