Financial Management and Planning
Financial management is the process of managing the finances of a family by planning, controlling, and evaluating financial resources to achieve maximum satisfaction. Effective financial management is not just about how much money a family has; it's about how well they can manage their financial resources for both current and future needs. Various types of incomes—such as wages, dividends, rentals, and gifts—contribute to the family income which should be understood, categorized, and managed effectively.
Key Components Covered:
- Types of Family Income: Family income consists of all income sources including money income, real income, and psychic income. Money income refers to tangible income received such as salaries and wages. Real income includes goods and services for needs satisfaction, while psychic income represents satisfaction derived from consuming goods and services.
- Income Management: Effective income management is crucial as it helps families make informed decisions about spending. This process requires identifying the household's goals and available resources.
- Budgeting: Creating a budget is the first step in good financial management. Families are guided through a five-step process to create an effective budget that encompasses all expenses, facilitates savings, and strategically supports long-term goals.
- Savings and Investments: Families must cultivate a habit of savings to secure their future. It also covers how to invest wisely by considering factors such as safety of principal, liquidity, and returns.
- Credit Management: Understanding the use of credit is emphasized as an essential part of financial planning, helping families navigate expenses that may initially seem high.
Overall, financial management and planning equip families with the skills needed for optimal financial security and future readiness.