Symbolism of the Rattrap
Introduction & Overview
Read summaries of the section's main ideas at different levels of detail.
Quick Overview
Standard
The symbol of the rattrap functions as a metaphor for human temptation and the cycle of misery. Initially, it represents the peddler's belief that the world offers pleasures only to imprison the soul. This philosophy is validated when he steals thirty kronor, becoming physically and mentally "trapped." However, the narrative concludes with a shift in symbolism: the rattrap becomes a sign of liberation. Through Edla’s compassion, the peddler is "raised" to the status of a Captain, allowing him to leave the trap behind as a redeemed man.
Detailed
1. Initially: The World as a Rattrap
For the peddler, a cynical vagabond, the world is a vast, deceptive rattrap. He believes society offers "baits"—riches, joys, and shelter—to entice people. Once accepted, these baits lead to a trap of suffering and despair. This reflects his own experiences of poverty and isolation.
2. The Stolen Money as Literal Bait
The thirty kronor stolen from the crofter is a concrete "bait." By succumbing to temptation, the peddler inadvertently falls into his own trap. He gets lost in a dense forest, realizing that he has become a victim of the very philosophy he preached.
3. The Peddler's Moral "Rattrap"
Beyond the physical forest, the peddler is caught in a self-imposed rattrap of dishonesty and loneliness. His distrustful nature prevents genuine human connection, keeping him in a cycle of thievery.
4. Escape Through Kindness
The most profound symbolism occurs at the end. Edla Willmansson's unwavering empathy acts as the force that helps him escape. By treating him as "Captain von Stahle," she awakens his dormant conscience. The small rattrap he leaves behind for her is no longer a symbol of deceit, but a testament to his redemption and a token of gratitude from a man who has broken free.
Key Concepts
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The Bait: Represented by the 30 kronor, it symbolizes any material temptation that leads to moral downfall.
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The Forest: A symbol of the confusion and entrapment that follows a dishonest act.
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Interpersonal Trust: The "key" that unlocks the internal rattrap of loneliness.
Examples & Applications
Literal Bait: The crofter showing the 30 kronor to the peddler, tempting his poverty-stricken mind.
The Moral Escape: The peddler returning the stolen money in a small rattrap as a gift for Edla.
Memory Aids
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Memory Tools
Bait Always Insnares T**hieves.
Memory Tools
World Offers Riches Luring D**espair.
Analogies
The peddler is like a rat who was offered cheese (money) but was let out of the cage by someone who believed he was actually a lion (Captain).
Flash Cards
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