Water Resources
Three-fourths of the Earth's surface is indeed covered by water, but only a small proportion is freshwater that can be utilized for human consumption and activities. This freshwater primarily comes from surface runoff and groundwater, which are continually renewed through the hydrological cycle. The concept of the hydrological cycle is crucial as it illustrates that water is a renewable resource, constantly undergoing processes of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation.
Despite the abundance of water on the planet, the paradox of water scarcity arises. Many regions and countries worldwide are experiencing severe water shortages, leading to the startling prediction that by 2025, nearly two billion people will be living in absolute water scarcity. This illustrates a fundamental challenge in water resource management, highlighting the need for effective strategies to ensure equitable distribution and sustainable use of our valuable freshwater resources.