6. Control and Coordination

The chapter explores the mechanisms of control and coordination in living organisms, emphasizing the roles of nervous and hormonal systems in facilitating responses to environmental stimuli. It discusses how reflex actions, voluntary movements, and hormonal actions contribute to an organism's adaptability and function. The chapter also highlights the differences between animal and plant responses to stimuli, with a focus on the biochemical processes involved in these actions.

Sections

  • 6

    Control And Coordination

    This section covers how living organisms, particularly animals and plants, use control and coordination systems to respond to environmental stimuli.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1

    Reflex Actions

    Reflex actions are involuntary responses to stimuli, allowing for quick reactions without conscious thought.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.1

    What Happens In Reflex Actions?

    Reflex actions are quick, involuntary responses to stimuli, allowing organisms to react swiftly without conscious thought.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.2

    Human Brain

    The human brain is the main coordinating center of the body, integrating complex information from various sources to enable voluntary and involuntary actions.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.3

    How Are These Tissues Protected?

    This section explains the protective mechanisms in place for delicate nervous tissues like the brain and spinal cord.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1.4

    How Does The Nervous Tissue Cause Action?

    Nervous tissue facilitates action in organisms by transmitting electrical impulses that trigger muscle movement and respond to environmental stimuli.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2

    Coordination In Plants

    Plants respond to stimuli through movements that are influenced by growth and other mechanisms despite lacking nervous and muscle tissues.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.1

    Immediate Response To Stimulus

    This section describes how plants, without nervous or muscular tissues, respond to stimuli through rapid movements caused by changes in internal water pressure in cells.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2.2

    Movement Due To Growth

    This section explains how growth in plants results in movement, differentiating between movements due to growth and responsive movements.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.3

    Hormones In Animals

    This section explores the role of hormones in animal coordination and control functions, highlighting the significance of the endocrine system.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.3.1

    Adrenaline And Its Effects

    This section discusses the role of adrenaline in the body's response to stress and its effects on various systems.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.3.2

    Feedback Mechanisms In Hormone Regulation

    Feedback mechanisms are essential for maintaining hormonal balance in the body, ensuring that hormone levels adjust according to the body’s needs.

    Learning Practice

References

NCERT Study Material

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Control and coordination ar...
  • The responses of the nervou...
  • The nervous system uses ele...

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