How do these Traits get Expressed?
In this section, we explore the intricate mechanisms that lead to the expression of traits in living organisms. At the core of inheritance is cellular DNA, which serves as the blueprint for protein synthesis. Each gene corresponds to specific proteins that influence various traits. For example, the trait of tallness in plants is regulated by hormones, and the quantity of these hormones is determined by enzymes coded by genes. If a gene mutation results in less efficient enzyme production, the plant may exhibit reduced height.
Moreover, during sexual reproduction, traits are influenced by genetic contributions from both parents, establishing a system of equal inheritance. The independence of trait inheritance, exemplified through Mendel's experiments, shows that genes can segregate independently, allowing for new trait combinations in offspring. In summary, the expression of traits results from a combination of genetic and environmental factors, exemplifying the principles of heredity.