CBSE Class 12th AI (Artificial Intelligence) | 11. Natural Language Processing (NLP) by Abraham | Learn Smarter
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11. Natural Language Processing (NLP)

Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a crucial branch of Artificial Intelligence that facilitates machine comprehension and generation of human languages. It incorporates elements from linguistics, computer science, and machine learning to enhance applications such as chatbots, translation, and sentiment analysis. Despite its advantages, NLP faces challenges such as ambiguity and the ethical implications of biases in data. Advances in technology continue to enhance the sophistication of NLP in everyday applications.

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Sections

  • 11

    Natural Language Processing (Nlp)

    Natural Language Processing (NLP) enables computers to understand and generate human language, bridging the gap between linguistic complexities and machine learning.

  • 11.1

    What Is Natural Language?

    Natural Language is the method humans use to communicate, characterized by its complexity and contextual dependence.

  • 11.2

    What Is Natural Language Processing (Nlp)?

    Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch of AI that enables computers to understand, interpret, and generate human languages.

  • 11.3

    Components Of Nlp

    This section discusses the two main components of Natural Language Processing (NLP): Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG).

  • 11.3.1

    Natural Language Understanding (Nlu)

    Natural Language Understanding (NLU) allows machines to comprehend and interpret human language.

  • 11.3.2

    Natural Language Generation (Nlg)

    Natural Language Generation (NLG) is a component of NLP that focuses on enabling machines to generate human-like text and responses.

  • 11.4

    Nlp Pipeline Or Stages

    The NLP Pipeline consists of several stages that process text data to enable understanding and generation of human language.

  • 11.4.1

    Text Acquisition

    Text acquisition is the initial step in the NLP pipeline, involving the collection of text from various sources.

  • 11.4.2

    Text Preprocessing

    Text preprocessing is a vital step in NLP that involves cleaning and preparing raw text data for further analysis.

  • 11.4.3

    Part-Of-Speech (Pos) Tagging

    Part-of-Speech (POS) Tagging involves identifying the grammatical category of each word in a text.

  • 11.4.4

    Named Entity Recognition (Ner)

    Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a crucial NLP technique that identifies and classifies proper nouns in text into predefined categories.

  • 11.4.5

    Dependency Parsing

    Dependency parsing is the process of analyzing grammatical structures and understanding the relationships between words in a sentence.

  • 11.5

    Techniques In Nlp

    This section discusses the various techniques in Natural Language Processing (NLP), including rule-based, statistical, and deep learning approaches.

  • 11.5.1

    Rule-Based Approaches

    Rule-based approaches utilize grammar rules and preset patterns to process and understand natural language.

  • 11.5.2

    Statistical Methods

    Statistical methods in NLP involve utilizing large datasets to derive insights and patterns based on probability and machine learning.

  • 11.5.3

    Deep Learning Methods

    This section explores deep learning methods in Natural Language Processing (NLP), emphasizing the use of neural networks for advanced text tasks.

  • 11.6

    Applications Of Nlp

    Natural Language Processing (NLP) has various applications, including chatbots, sentiment analysis, machine translation, text summarization, spam detection, and speech recognition.

  • 11.6.1

    Chatbots And Virtual Assistants

    Chatbots and virtual assistants use NLP technologies to understand user commands and engage in conversation, enhancing customer interaction with businesses.

  • 11.6.2

    Sentiment Analysis

    Sentiment analysis is a crucial application of NLP that involves detecting and interpreting emotions in textual data.

  • 11.6.3

    Machine Translation

    Machine Translation involves converting text from one language to another using algorithms and AI techniques.

  • 11.6.4

    Text Summarization

    This section introduces text summarization as a vital Natural Language Processing (NLP) application that transforms lengthy texts into concise summaries.

  • 11.6.5

    Spam Detection

    Spam detection uses NLP techniques to identify unwanted email messages and prevent them from reaching users.

  • 11.6.6

    Speech Recognition

    Speech recognition allows computers to interpret and transcribe spoken language into text, a crucial application of NLP.

  • 11.7

    Challenges In Nlp

    This section discusses the various challenges faced in Natural Language Processing (NLP) such as ambiguity, sarcasm, and language diversity.

  • 11.8

    Tools And Libraries Used In Nlp

    This section highlights popular tools and libraries that facilitate Natural Language Processing tasks.

  • 11.9

    Ethical Considerations In Nlp

    This section discusses the ethical considerations related to Natural Language Processing, highlighting issues such as bias, misinformation, privacy, and misuse of AI technology.

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Natural Language refers to ...
  • NLP combines linguistics, c...
  • The NLP pipeline consists o...

Final Test

Revision Tests