10. SOUND
Sound is produced by vibrating objects, and it travels through various mediums such as gases, liquids, and solids. The process of hearing involves the eardrum sensing vibrations, which are then communicated to the brain. Loudness and pitch are determined by the amplitude and frequency of the sound respectively, with excess noise contributing to pollution and potential health issues.
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What we have learnt
- Sound is produced by vibrating objects.
- In human beings, the vibration of the vocal cords produces sound.
- Sound travels through a medium (gas, liquid or solid). It cannot travel in vacuum.
- The eardrum senses the vibrations of sound, sending signals to the brain.
- The frequency of oscillation is expressed in hertz (Hz).
- Larger amplitude means louder sound, whereas higher frequency results in higher pitch.
- Unpleasant sounds are termed noise.
- Noise pollution may pose health problems for human beings.
- Measures should be taken to minimize noise pollution.
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