3. Sulphate Attack

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is sulphate attack?

   Hint

   Think about the chemical reaction between concrete and sulphates.

2. 2.

   Name one source of sulphate ions.

   Hint

   Consider common materials found in the earth.

3. 3.

   What is the primary consequence of sulphate attack on concrete?

   • Increased Permeability
   • Structural Damage
   • Color Change

   Hint

   Consider what happens to concrete when it is attacked.

4. 4.

   True or False: Thaumasite Form of Sulphate Attack occurs only in dry environments.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Recall the environmental conditions surrounding this type of attack.

5. 5.

   Evaluate how an aggressive environment with high sulphate content could affect a bridge built using standard Portland cement.

   Hint

   Think about the long-term durability and integrity of the structure.

6. 6.

   Design a concrete mix for a foundation in an area known for high sulphate levels. What components would you include?

   Hint

   Consider how different component choices can impact the concrete’s resilience.