4.2.4. Chloride Attack

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is chloride attack?

   Hint

   Think about what happens to metal when exposed to salt.

2. 2.

   Name one source of chloride ions.

   Hint

   Consider where we find road salts.

3. 3.

   What primarily causes chloride attack in concrete?

   • A. Alkaline material
   • B. Chloride ions
   • C. Sulfate ions

   Hint

   Think about what materials are typically involved in salt.

4. 4.

   True or False: Only seawater can cause chloride attack.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider how roads are treated in winter.

5. 5.

   Analyze a case study where a concrete structure experienced premature failure due to chloride attack. What preventative measures could have been implemented?

   Hint

   Consider factors that influence permeability and chloride ingress.

6. 6.

   Propose a concrete mix design for a marine application. Justify your choices in terms of resistance to chloride attack.

   Hint

   Think about the environmental stresses this application will face.