2. Federalism
The chapter explores the concept of federalism, focusing on its theory and practice in India. It explains the constitutional framework that establishes federalism, the distribution of powers among different levels of government, and the significance of local governance as the third tier in India's federal structure. Additionally, the chapter discusses the evolution of federalism in the context of linguistic diversity and the implications for democracy in India.
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What we have learnt
- Federalism involves a division of powers between central and state governments.
- The Indian Constitution establishes a federal structure with a unique distribution of powers among Union, State, and Concurrent lists.
- Decentralization and local government play a crucial role in the effective implementation of federalism in India.
Key Concepts
- -- Federalism
- A system of governance where power is distributed between a central authority and constituent units, allowing for distinct jurisdictions.
- -- Decentralization
- The transfer of authority from central and state governments to local government units to enhance political participation and decision-making.
- -- Concurrent List
- A list in the Constitution detailing subjects where both the Union and State governments can legislate; federal law prevails in case of conflict.
- -- Linguistic States
- States formed based on the predominant language spoken to promote administrative efficiency and national unity.
- -- Panchayati Raj
- A system of local self-government for villages in India, which includes elected representatives and operates under the Gram Sabha.
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