In a democratic society, political expression of social differences, including gender, is both possible and desirable. This section delves into the hierarchical gender division embedded in social structures, emphasizing that gender roles are socially constructed rather than biologically determined. The text examines the public/private divide in labor, where women predominantly manage domestic responsibilities while men engage in income-generating work, leading to women's lack of recognition in public life. Despite advancements in women's participation in various professional fields, significant gender disparities remain in political representation and domestic responsibilities.
The section also outlines the historical context of gender-related political mobilization and the emergence of feminist movements that advocate for women's rights, equality, and representation in public life. The culmination of these efforts is the recent passing of the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam in 2023, promoting women's reservation in legislative bodies. It concludes that addressing gender inequalities is vital for a healthy democracy, and the political expression of gender division must advance equality and representation for women.