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The section outlines how a major policy decision, like the reservation for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes, is taken in India. It highlights the roles of different institutions—legislature, executive, and judiciary—in this process, discussing the collaborative nature of governance and potential conflicts that arise.
In a democracy, major policy decisions are not made in isolation but involve various government institutions. This section uses the example of an Office Memorandum issued by the Government of India on August 13, 1990, which announced a 27% reservation in civil posts for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC). The decision traced back to the recommendations of the Mandal Commission, established in 1979. The process involved the Prime Minister, the Cabinet, Parliament, and ultimately the judiciary, especially when disputes arose regarding the decision. The Supreme Court upheld the reservation in a landmark ruling, modifying the original order. This sequence illustrates the interconnected roles of legislature, executive, and judiciary, emphasizing that democratic governance relies on institutions that ensure systematic decision-making, representation, and dispute resolution.
Major Policy Decision: A significant decision that impacts public policy and governance.
Mandal Commission: Commission formed to identify backward classes for reservation.
Legislature, Executive, Judiciary: Key institutions in a democracy working together in governance.
In a democracy, we must see, / Decisions flow from you and me, / Legislature, executive, a guiding trio, / Ensure our rights, like a steady rio.
Once in a town, decision-makers met in a hall. The Prime Minister shared big thoughts; they specified rules just like the ancient eagles that governed the skies by knowing all currents.
L.E.J: Remember 'Legislature, Executive, Judiciary' as a team that helps us agree!
The implementation of the Mandal Commission's recommendations for job reservations.
Supreme Court's ruling upholding the reservation policy while advising modifications.
Term: Mandal Commission
Definition: A commission set up in India in 1979 to identify socially and educationally backward classes.
A commission set up in India in 1979 to identify socially and educationally backward classes.
Term: Office Memorandum
Definition: A formal communication issued by the government outlining policy decisions.
A formal communication issued by the government outlining policy decisions.
Term: Reservation
Definition: Policies that allocate certain percentages of jobs or educational opportunities to underrepresented groups.
Policies that allocate certain percentages of jobs or educational opportunities to underrepresented groups.
Term: Judiciary
Definition: A branch of government responsible for adjudicating disputes and interpreting laws.
A branch of government responsible for adjudicating disputes and interpreting laws.
Term: Legislature
Definition: The institution responsible for making laws in a democracy.
The institution responsible for making laws in a democracy.
Term: Executive
Definition: The branch of government responsible for implementing laws and policies.
The branch of government responsible for implementing laws and policies.