A Directory Rules France
The fall of the Jacobin government in France marked a pivotal shift in power dynamics, favoring the wealthier middle classes. In response to the political turmoil, a new constitution was drafted, which deprived non-propertied citizens of voting rights. Under this constitution, the government was restructured into two elected legislative councils that were responsible for appointing a Directory—an executive body composed of five members. This was designed as a safeguard against the concentration of power, which had led to the autocratic rule under the Jacobins.
However, the Directory faced immediate challenges, with conflicts arising between it and the legislative councils. These conflicts often resulted in attempts by the councils to dismiss the Directors, creating a climate of political instability. Despite these challenges, the legacy of the revolutionary ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity continued to inspire political movements not only in France but across Europe. Ultimately, the Directory's ineffective governance provided an opportunity for a military leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, to gain power, which would change the course of French history once again.
In conclusion, while the Directory sought to prevent the concentration of power and maintain revolutionary ideals, its inability to effectively govern led to further upheaval, paving the way for the rise of Napoleon.