1.3. Types of Losses

Try these first

1. 1.

   What is the formula for calculating head loss at a square entrance?

   Hint

   Think about how the area interacts with the flow.

2. 2.

   Define major losses.

   Hint

   Consider the surface contact of the water.

3. 3.

   What type of loss is primarily caused by friction?

   • Major Loss
   • Minor Loss
   • Both

   Hint

   Recall the definitions of both types of losses.

4. 4.

   True or False: Minor losses only occur at the entrance or exit of a pipe.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Consider the various fittings and changes in geometry.

5. 5.

   A pipe system has a length of 150m, a diameter of 0.3m, and a fluid flowing at 3m/s. If the friction factor is 0.03, calculate the major loss.

   Hint

   Ensure to apply the Darcy-Weisbach equation correctly.

6. 6.

   In a system, fluid enters a valve at 5m/s and exits at 2m/s. Calculate the head loss due to sudden expansion.

   Hint

   Focus on the velocity difference squared.