1. Runoff and Runoff Volume

Try these first

1. 1.

   Define runoff in simple terms.

   Hint

   Think about what happens to rainwater.

2. 2.

   What is surface runoff?

   Hint

   Consider what happens immediately after rain.

3. 3.

   What is runoff?

   • Water flowing underground
   • Water flowing over land into bodies
   • Water evaporating into the atmosphere

   Hint

   Remember the definitions!

4. 4.

   True or False: Base flow only occurs during heavy rainfall.

   • True
   • False

   Hint

   Think of groundwater persistence.

5. 5.

   A watershed with a curve number of 85 receives 200 mm of rainfall. Calculate runoff, assuming initial losses of 40 mm.

   Hint

   Apply the SCS-CN method correctly.

6. 6.

   Discuss how changing land use from agriculture to urban affects hydrograph characteristics. Illustrate your answer with examples.

   Hint

   Use real-life examples of urban versus rural areas.