Case Study 2: Costa Rica’s Environmental Policies - 7.4.2 | Unit 7: Environmental Sustainability and Challenges | IB Board Grade 12 – Individuals and Societies
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7.4.2 - Case Study 2: Costa Rica’s Environmental Policies

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Interactive Audio Lesson

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Introduction to Costa Rica's Environmental Policies

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Teacher
Teacher

Today, we're going to discuss Costa Rica's approach to environmental policies. Can anyone tell me why this country is often cited as a model for environmental sustainability?

Student 1
Student 1

Is it because they have a lot of national parks?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Costa Rica has established numerous national parks to protect its rich biodiversity. In fact, over 25% of the country's land area is dedicated to national parks and reserves. This brings us to our memory aid: think of 'Parks Protect People' to remember their commitment to conservation.

Student 2
Student 2

What about deforestation? How did they reverse it?

Teacher
Teacher

Great question! Costa Rica implemented reforestation initiatives alongside conservation, focusing on both protecting existing forests and restoring degraded lands. This blend of strategies has proven highly effective.

Reforestation and Payments for Ecosystem Services

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Teacher
Teacher

Now, let's explore how Costa Rica's reforestation is funded. Has anyone heard of the Payments for Ecosystem Services?

Student 3
Student 3

Isn’t that where the government pays people to take care of their land?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Landowners receive payments for maintaining forests, which has incentivized many to preserve their land rather than clear it for agriculture. This system boosts biodiversity as well.

Student 4
Student 4

Can you give an example of its impact?

Teacher
Teacher

Certainly! The program has led to an increase in forest cover, which helps protect various species and restore ecosystems. Remember, 'Cash for Conservation' is a handy mnemonic for this concept!

Renewable Energy in Costa Rica

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Teacher
Teacher

Let's shift gears to energy. What percentage of Costa Rica's electricity comes from renewable sources?

Student 1
Student 1

I think I heard it's over 98%! That's really impressive.

Teacher
Teacher

That's correct! Almost all of let's remember, 'Renewable 98,' referring to their commitment to renewable energy, primarily sourced from hydropower.

Student 2
Student 2

What are the benefits of using so much renewable energy?

Teacher
Teacher

Excellent question! It reduces carbon emissions significantly and mitigates climate change impacts. Additionally, it boosts eco-tourism as visitors flock to experience a clean environment.

Impact of Policies on Biodiversity and Economy

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Teacher
Teacher

Now, let's analyze the impacts of these policies. How do you think these policies affect both biodiversity and the economy?

Student 3
Student 3

I assume that preserving forests would help protect animals and plants?

Teacher
Teacher

Yes! Protecting natural habitats enhances biodiversity and enables ecosystems to thrive. Additionally, eco-tourism contributes a significant revenue stream, empowering local communities.

Student 4
Student 4

Can you share an example of eco-tourism benefits?

Teacher
Teacher

Certainly! Costa Rica’s eco-tourism strategy has led to increased visitors to national parks, creating jobs and boosting local businesses. 'Biodiversity equals Business' can be our takeaway!

Summary of Costa Rica's Success

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Teacher
Teacher

To wrap up, who can summarize what we've learned today about Costa Rica's environmental policies?

Student 1
Student 1

They use national parks and reforestation to protect the environment!

Student 2
Student 2

And they pay landowners to conserve forests through ecosystem services.

Student 3
Student 3

And they generate most of their electricity from renewable sources!

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Costa Rica's holistic approach showcases how conservation can be both ecologically beneficial and economically advantageous. Great teamwork today!

Introduction & Overview

Read a summary of the section's main ideas. Choose from Basic, Medium, or Detailed.

Quick Overview

This section highlights Costa Rica's successful environmental policies, emphasizing national parks, reforestation, and renewable energy use.

Standard

Costa Rica has implemented effective environmental policies that have reversed deforestation, established national parks, funded reforestation efforts, and achieved over 98% of its electricity from renewable sources. The resulting increase in biodiversity protection and growth in eco-tourism illustrate the success of these initiatives.

Detailed

Costa Rica has emerged as a leader in environmental sustainability through innovative policies focused on conservation and renewable energy. Notable achievements include the establishment of numerous national parks and the implementation of reforestation programs that have successfully reversed deforestation trends. The government has also adopted a model of payments for ecosystem services, incentivizing landowners to conserve forests and protect biodiversity. Furthermore, Costa Rica generates more than 98% of its electricity from renewable resources, primarily hydropower, which significantly reduces carbon emissions. These efforts have not only contributed to enhanced biodiversity protection but also promoted eco-tourism, resulting in economic benefits for the nation. Overall, Costa Rica’s environmental policies serve as a robust model for sustainable development and demonstrate the potential benefits of investing in ecological sustainability.

Audio Book

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Reversal of Deforestation

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Costa Rica has reversed deforestation through national parks, reforestation, and payments for ecosystem services.

Detailed Explanation

Costa Rica has implemented various strategies to combat deforestation. One of these is the establishment of national parks, which protect areas from logging and development. Additionally, the country has invested in reforestation projects, where trees are planted in deforested areas to restore ecosystems. Payments for ecosystem services incentivize landowners to maintain forests, rather than cutting them down, by providing financial compensation for the environmental benefits these forests provide.

Examples & Analogies

Think of it like a local community establishing a fund that pays homeowners for keeping their gardens lush instead of paving them over for a parking lot. Just as the community benefits from the gardens providing shade, beauty, and cleaner air, Costa Rica recognizes that forests offer similar benefits on a much larger scale.

Use of Renewable Energy

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Uses renewable energy for over 98% of electricity.

Detailed Explanation

Costa Rica prides itself on utilizing renewable energy sources, such as hydroelectric, wind, and solar power, to generate more than 98% of its electricity. This commitment to renewable energy helps reduce the country's reliance on fossil fuels, lowering carbon emissions and contributing to global efforts to combat climate change.

Examples & Analogies

Imagine that Costa Rica is like a household that decides to invest in solar panels and wind turbines instead of relying on coal to power their home. By making this choice, they not only save money on electricity bills but also contribute to a healthier planet.

Biodiversity Protection and Economic Boost

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Result: increased biodiversity protection, carbon sequestration, and eco-tourism boosting the economy.

Detailed Explanation

The environmental policies of Costa Rica have led to significant increases in biodiversity protection. By creating national parks and promoting reforestation, the country has become a sanctuary for many animal and plant species. Additionally, healthy forests capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, thus contributing to the fight against climate change. Finally, Costa Rica has leveraged its natural beauty and biodiversity to promote eco-tourism, attracting visitors from around the world, which in turn contributes significantly to the local and national economy.

Examples & Analogies

Think of Costa Rica like a beautiful garden that not only attracts butterflies but also brings people who want to enjoy its beauty. In doing so, the garden not only flourishes but also becomes a place where the gardener can sell fresh flowers and vegetables, which helps fund the garden's upkeep.

Definitions & Key Concepts

Learn essential terms and foundational ideas that form the basis of the topic.

Key Concepts

  • Environmental Conservation: The practice of protecting natural resources to maintain ecosystem balance and biodiversity.

  • Sustainable Development: Meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

Examples & Real-Life Applications

See how the concepts apply in real-world scenarios to understand their practical implications.

Examples

  • Costa Rica's policy of payments for ecosystem services promotes conservation by financially compensating landowners who preserve their forests.

  • The country's eco-tourism initiatives, facilitated by its rich biodiversity, contribute significantly to its economy.

Memory Aids

Use mnemonics, acronyms, or visual cues to help remember key information more easily.

🎵 Rhymes Time

  • In Costa Rica their forest dreams thrive, with eco-tourism that helps them survive.

📖 Fascinating Stories

  • Once in a land called Costa Rica, people learned that by protecting their beautiful forests, not only did the animals thrive, but they also welcomed tourists who helped their economy flourish.

🧠 Other Memory Gems

  • Remember 'FIVE' for forests in Costa Rica: Forests Enhance Biodiversity, Vital for Ecosystems.

🎯 Super Acronyms

CLEAN stands for

  • Conservation
  • Land management
  • Eco-tourism
  • Aquatic sources
  • and Nature parks.

Flash Cards

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Glossary of Terms

Review the Definitions for terms.

  • Term: National Parks

    Definition:

    Protected areas established to conserve wildlife and natural resources while allowing recreational opportunities.

  • Term: Reforestation

    Definition:

    The process of replanting an area with trees to restore a forest that has been depleted.

  • Term: Payments for Ecosystem Services

    Definition:

    A financial mechanism where landowners are compensated for managing their land in a way that provides ecological benefits.

  • Term: Ecotourism

    Definition:

    Tourism directed toward natural environments, focusing on conservation and sustainability.

  • Term: Renewable Energy

    Definition:

    Energy derived from resources that are replenished naturally, such as solar, wind, and water.