Money And Banking – Basic Concepts

This section provides foundational concepts of money and banking, including definitions, functions, characteristics, types of money, and the role of banks in economic development.

Meaning Of Money

Money is a universally accepted medium of exchange that facilitates transactions, measures, stores, and transfers value in an economy.

Functions Of Money

Money serves key functions that facilitate economic transactions and the measurement of value.

Medium Of Exchange

The medium of exchange is a primary function of money that facilitates transactions by eliminating the inefficiencies of barter.

Unit Of Account

The unit of account is a function of money that provides a consistent measure for valuing goods and services within an economy.

Store Of Value

The Store of Value function of money refers to its ability to maintain value over time, allowing it to be saved and retrieved for future use.

Standard Of Deferred Payment

The standard of deferred payment allows for borrowing and lending, permitting future payments for goods or services to be specified in terms of money.

Characteristics Of Good Money

Good money possesses specific characteristics that facilitate its effectiveness as a medium of exchange.

Types Of Money

This section outlines different types of money used in the economy, including commodity money, fiat money, paper money, coins, and bank money.

Banking – Meaning And Functions

A bank is a financial institution that serves as an intermediary between savers and borrowers, accepting deposits and providing loans.

Functions Of Commercial Banks

Commercial banks perform essential functions such as accepting deposits and providing loans.

Accepting Deposits

This section explains the fundamental role of commercial banks in accepting various types of deposits from individuals and businesses.

Providing Loans And Advances

This section discusses the role of commercial banks in providing loans and advances, emphasizing the types of loans available to individuals and businesses.

Facilitating Payments

Facilitating payments is one of the key functions of commercial banks, allowing for efficient transactions in the economy.

Agency Functions

Agency functions of commercial banks involve various services that facilitate transactions and enhance customer convenience.

Other Services

This section highlights the various additional services provided by commercial banks, extending beyond core banking functions such as accepting deposits and providing loans.

Central Bank (Reserve Bank Of India - Rbi)

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) serves as the central bank of India, overseeing the banking system and formulating monetary policy.

Functions Of Rbi

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) performs essential functions including issuing currency, regulating banks, controlling credit, maintaining financial stability, and managing foreign exchange.

Issuing Currency

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) holds the exclusive authority to issue currency notes in India, playing a crucial role in the economy's monetary aspects.

Regulating Banks

This section discusses the regulatory role of central banks, particularly how they monitor and control commercial banks to ensure financial stability.

Controlling Credit

This section discusses how the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) controls credit in the economy using various monetary tools.

Maintaining Financial Stability

This section explains the importance of maintaining financial stability in the economy through effective management of inflation and liquidity.

Foreign Exchange Management

Foreign Exchange Management involves regulating foreign currency reserves and exchange rates to ensure economic stability.

Importance Of Banking In Economic Development

Banking is crucial to economic development, as it mobilizes savings and supports productive investments.