Vascular Tissues

Vascular tissues in plants, namely xylem and phloem, play crucial roles in transporting water, minerals, and food throughout the plant. <img id="dimg_jWQ4aIb6J46aseMPwKnZ4QI_13" src="data:image/jpeg;base64,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" class="YQ4gaf" height="184" style="object-position:50% 0%" width="275" alt="Vascular Tissue : Xylem and Phloem ..." data-csiid="jWQ4aIb6J46aseMPwKnZ4QI_6" data-atf="1">

Comparison Of Xylem And Phloem

This section explores the key differences and functions of xylem and phloem, two essential vascular tissues in plants.

Did You Know?

This section highlights an interesting fact about plant transport systems, specifically focusing on water transport in trees.

Water & Mineral Transport

This section discusses how water and minerals are transported in plants through xylem and the mechanisms involved in this process.

Root Pressure Theory

Root Pressure Theory explains how water and minerals are transported from roots to the rest of the plant, primarily through xylem tissues.

Transpiration Pull

Transpiration pull is the process where water evaporating from the leaves creates a negative pressure that helps pull water upward through the xylem.

Experiment

This section discusses the transport mechanisms of food and minerals within plants, focusing on the roles of xylem and phloem and includes hands-on experimental activities.

Food Transport (Phloem)

Phloem transports food throughout the plant, primarily sugars and amino acids, using a process called translocation.

Translocation Process

The translocation process involves the transport of sugars through phloem from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

Demonstration

This section explores the mechanisms of food and mineral transport in plants, emphasizing the roles of xylem and phloem.

Factors Affecting Transport

This section discusses the different factors that influence the transport of water, minerals, and food in plants, focusing on the roles of xylem and phloem.

Xylem Effect

The Xylem Effect describes the mechanisms plants use to transport water and minerals upward, primarily through xylem tissues, highlighting processes like root pressure and transpiration pull.

Phloem Effect

The phloem effect refers to the bidirectional transport of food, mainly sugars, within plants, primarily facilitated by living sieve tube cells.

Case Study: Desert Plant Adaptations

This section examines the unique adaptations of desert plants that enable their survival in arid conditions.

Survival Strategies

This section explores how plants adapt their structures and processes to effectively transport food and minerals, ensuring survival.

Example: Cactus

Chapter Summary

This chapter addresses the function of plant vascular tissues, focusing on how xylem and phloem transport water, minerals, and food throughout the plant.

Activities

This section outlines various activities to explore the transport of food and minerals in plants through hands-on experiments and visual studies.

Microscope Work

This section discusses how xylem and phloem are vital vascular tissues in plants, detailing their structures and functions in the transportation of essential nutrients.

Experiment

This section outlines the experiment demonstrating how xylem transports water and minerals through plants.

Visuals To Add

This section discusses the role of vascular tissues, particularly xylem and phloem, in the transport of essential substances in plants.

Interesting Fact

This section presents fascinating facts about the transport capabilities of plants, specifically focusing on the xylem's capacity.

Assessment Questions

This section presents key assessment questions related to the transportation of food and minerals in plants.