Introduction to Signals and Systems - Signals and Systems
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Introduction to Signals and Systems

Introduction to Signals and Systems

The course module covers foundational concepts in Signals and Systems, including signal classification, manipulation techniques, and system properties. It establishes key distinctions between continuous-time and discrete-time signals, analog and digital signals, and periodic versus aperiodic signals. By the end of the module, students will be equipped to analyze signals and systems using fundamental operations and understand the behavior of various signal types in engineering contexts.

48 sections

Sections

Navigate through the learning materials and practice exercises.

  1. 1
    Signals And Systems: Course Module 1 - Introduction To Signals And Systems

    This introductory module establishes the foundational concepts of signals...

  2. 1.1
    Module Duration

    This section outlines the duration and foundational concepts for the Signals...

  3. 1.2
    Module Placement

    This section outlines the foundational module placement for the Signals and...

  4. 1.3
    Module Prerequisites (Assumed Student Knowledge)

    This section outlines the essential knowledge and skills that students are...

  5. 1.4
    Module Objectives

    This section outlines the module objectives for the introductory module on...

  6. 1.5
    Classification Of Signals

    This section discusses the fundamental classification of signals in the...

  7. 1.6
    Basic Signal Operations

    This section introduces fundamental operations applicable to signals,...

  8. 1.7
    Elementary Signals

    This section introduces elementary signals, which are the basic building...

  9. 1.8
    Classification Of Systems

    This section defines the classification of systems based on various...

  10. 1.9
    System Interconnections

    This section discusses how subsystems interconnect in complex systems,...

  11. 1.1
    Classification Of Signals

    This section introduces various classifications of signals based on their...

  12. 1.1.1
    Continuous-Time (Ct) Vs. Discrete-Time (Dt) Signals

    This section introduces and contrasts continuous-time and discrete-time...

  13. 1.1.2
    Analog Vs. Digital Signals

    This section distinguishes between analog and digital signals, defining...

  14. 1.1.3
    Periodic Vs. Aperiodic Signals

    This section distinguishes between periodic and aperiodic signals, defining...

  15. 1.1.4
    Energy Vs. Power Signals

    This section distinguishes between energy signals and power signals based on...

  16. 1.1.5
    Even And Odd Signals

    This section covers the definition and properties of even and odd signals,...

  17. 1.1.6
    Deterministic Vs. Random Signals

    This section contrasts deterministic and random signals, focusing on the...

  18. 1.2
    Basic Signal Operations

    Basic Signal Operations outlines fundamental techniques for manipulating and...

  19. 1.2.1
    Amplitude Scaling

    Amplitude scaling modifies the strength or magnitude of a signal by...

  20. 1.2.2
    Time Scaling

    Time scaling is a signal manipulation operation that alters the duration or...

  21. 1.2.3
    Time Shifting

    Time shifting involves moving a signal horizontally along the time axis,...

  22. 1.2.4
    Time Reversal (Folding)

    Time Reversal, also known as folding, is an operation that reflects a signal...

  23. 1.2.5
    Combined Operations (Order Of Operations)

    This section highlights the importance of order when performing multiple...

  24. 1.2.6
    Addition And Multiplication Of Signals

    This section explores the fundamental operations of addition and...

  25. 1.2.7
    Differentiation (For Continuous-Time Signals Only)

    This section covers the differentiation operation applied to continuous-time...

  26. 1.2.8
    Integration (For Continuous-Time Signals Only)

    This section covers the integration of continuous-time signals, detailing...

  27. 1.2.9
    Summation (For Discrete-Time Signals Only)

    This section discusses the summation operation for discrete-time signals,...

  28. 1.2.10
    Difference (For Discrete-Time Signals Only)

    This section focuses on the difference operation in discrete-time signals,...

  29. 1.3
    Elementary Signals

    This section introduces elementary signals that serve as the foundational...

  30. 1.3.1
    Unit Impulse (Dirac Delta) Function, Δ(T) Or Δ[N]

    The Dirac delta function serves as an idealized representation of...

  31. 1.3.2
    Unit Step Function, U(T) Or U[N]

    The Unit Step Function, u(t) and u[n], represents a signal that jumps from...

  32. 1.3.3
    Ramp Function, R(T) Or R[N]

    The ramp function is a linear signal used frequently in signal processing...

  33. 1.3.4
    Exponential Signals (Real And Complex)

    This section covers exponential signals, both real and complex, highlighting...

  34. 1.3.5
    Sinusoidal Signals

    Sinusoidal signals, defined by their amplitude, angular frequency, and phase...

  35. 1.3.6
    Rectangular Pulse (Rect(T) Or Π(T))

    The Rectangular Pulse is defined as a signal that is 1 over a finite...

  36. 1.3.7
    Triangular Pulse (Tri(T) Or Λ(T))

    The Triangular Pulse is a key signal in signal processing, characterized by...

  37. 1.4
    Classification Of Systems

    This section classifies systems based on various properties affecting how...

  38. 1.4.1
    Continuous-Time (Ct) Vs. Discrete-Time (Dt) Systems

    This section differentiates between continuous-time and discrete-time...

  39. 1.4.2
    Linear Vs. Non-Linear Systems

    This section outlines the fundamental differences between linear and...

  40. 1.4.3
    Time-Invariant Vs. Time-Variant Systems

    This section differentiates between time-invariant and time-variant systems,...

  41. 1.4.4
    Causal Vs. Non-Causal Systems

    This section defines and differentiates between causal and non-causal...

  42. 1.4.5
    Static Vs. Dynamic Systems (Memoryless Vs. With Memory)

    This section distinguishes between static (memoryless) and dynamic (with...

  43. 1.4.6
    Stable Vs. Unstable Systems (Bibo Stability - Bounded Input, Bounded Output)

    This section discusses the concept of Bounded Input, Bounded Output (BIBO)...

  44. 1.4.7
    Invertible Vs. Non-Invertible Systems

    This section differentiates between invertible and non-invertible systems,...

  45. 1.5
    System Interconnections

    This section discusses the fundamental ways in which systems can be...

  46. 1.5.1
    Series (Cascade) Interconnection

    Series interconnection involves connecting systems in a sequence where the...

  47. 1.5.2
    Parallel Interconnection

    This section focuses on the concept of parallel interconnections in signal...

  48. 1.5.3
    Feedback Interconnection

    Feedback interconnection in systems involves paths where the output signal...

What we have learnt

  • Successful signal characterization is key to applying the correct mathematical tools for analysis.
  • Fundamental operations on signals, such as scaling, shifting, and reversing, play a critical role in signal processing.
  • The understanding of system properties like linearity, time invariance, and causality is essential for analyzing signal transformations.

Key Concepts

-- ContinuousTime (CT) Signals
Signals defined at every instant of time, represented as x(t).
-- DiscreteTime (DT) Signals
Signals defined only at specific time intervals, represented as x[n].
-- Signal Operations
Types of manipulations applied to signals, including amplitude scaling, time shifting, and more.
-- Linear TimeInvariant (LTI) Systems
Systems whose output for a given input does not change over time and obeys the principles of superposition.
-- Impulse Function
A mathematical representation of a signal that has an area of one under its curve at a point, crucial for system analysis.

Additional Learning Materials

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