Analog Circuit Lab | Experiment No. 6: Design and Characterization of Oscillators and Current Mirrors by Prakhar Chauhan | Learn Smarter
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Experiment No. 6: Design and Characterization of Oscillators and Current Mirrors

The chapter focuses on the design and performance characterization of oscillators and current mirrors. It emphasizes understanding the principles of oscillation through various types of sinusoidal oscillators such as the Wien Bridge, Hartley, and Colpitts, as well as the functioning of BJT current mirrors using matched transistors. The practical implementation and measurement techniques provide insights into real-world applications of these electronic components.

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Sections

  • 1

    Aim Of The Experiment

    The experiment focuses on designing, implementing, and characterizing various types of oscillators and current mirrors.

    Learning Practice

  • 2

    Objectives

    This section outlines the objectives for the experiment focusing on the design and characterization of oscillators and current mirrors.

    Learning Practice

  • 3

    Apparatus And Components Required

    This section outlines the equipment and components necessary for designing and characterizing oscillators and current mirrors.

    Learning Practice

  • 4

    Theoretical Background

    This section outlines the fundamental principles and characteristics of oscillators and BJT current mirrors, focusing on their designs and operations.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.1

    Introduction To Oscillators

    This section introduces oscillators as electronic circuits that generate oscillating signals, focusing on the principles and conditions for oscillation.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.2

    Wien Bridge Oscillator

    The Wien Bridge oscillator is a stable low-frequency sinusoidal oscillator using an operational amplifier in combination with a specific RC feedback network.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.3

    Lc Oscillators (Hartley And Colpitts)

    This section covers the principles and designs of LC oscillators, specifically the Hartley and Colpitts configurations, including their operational characteristics and applications.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.3.1

    Hartley Oscillator

    The Hartley oscillator leverages a tapped inductor and a tank circuit involving inductors and capacitors to generate sinusoidal waveforms, enabling various electronic applications.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.3.2

    Colpitts Oscillator

    The Colpitts oscillator is a type of LC oscillator that utilizes a single inductor and capacitors in series for generating oscillations, characterized by its configuration and operational principles.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.4

    Current Mirrors

    Current mirrors are circuits designed to copy or mirror current from one active device to another, essential for stable DC currents in integrated circuits.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.4.1

    Simple Bjt Current Mirror

    The section discusses the principles, configuration, and operation of a simple BJT current mirror, a circuit used to replicate a current with high precision.

    Learning Practice

  • 4.4.2

    Wilson And Widlar Current Mirrors (Brief Overview)

    This section provides an overview of the Wilson and Widlar current mirrors, highlighting their designs and advantages over simple current mirrors.

    Learning Practice

  • 5

    Pre-Lab Design And Calculations

    This section outlines the pre-lab design and calculations needed for oscillator and current mirror experiments.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.1

    Wien Bridge Oscillator Design

    The Wien Bridge oscillator is a stable, low-frequency sinusoidal oscillator design leveraging an Op-Amp and feedback network to generate sine waves.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.2

    Lc Oscillator (Colpitts) Design

    This section discusses the design and implementation of Colpitts LC oscillators, emphasizing the structure, components, and design calculations needed for the oscillator to function at a specified frequency.

    Learning Practice

  • 5.3

    Simple Bjt Current Mirror Design

    This section discusses the design and operation of a simple BJT current mirror, detailing how it mirrors output current effectively.

    Learning Practice

  • 6

    Circuit Diagrams

    This section covers the design and characteristics of various oscillators and current mirrors, detailing experimental procedures and components used.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.1

    Wien Bridge Oscillator Circuit

    This section discusses the design and operation of the Wien Bridge Oscillator circuit, which is a stable low-frequency sinusoidal oscillator.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.2

    Colpitts Lc Oscillator Circuit

    The Colpitts LC oscillator is an electronic circuit that generates sinusoidal waveforms using an LC tank circuit for frequency selection.

    Learning Practice

  • 6.3

    Simple Bjt Current Mirror Circuit

    This section focuses on the design, operation, and characterization of a simple BJT current mirror circuit.

    Learning Practice

  • 7

    Procedure

    This section outlines the procedure for Experiment No. 6, focusing on the design and characterization of oscillators and current mirrors.

    Learning Practice

  • 7.1

    Wien Bridge Oscillator Implementation And Characterization

    This section outlines the design, implementation, and characterization of the Wien Bridge oscillator, providing an understanding of its principles, components, and functionality.

    Learning Practice

  • 7.2

    Lc Oscillator (Colpitts) Implementation And Characterization

    This section discusses the design, implementation, and characteristics of LC oscillators, specifically focusing on the Colpitts oscillator.

    Learning Practice

  • 7.3

    Simple Bjt Current Mirror Characterization

    This section covers the characterization of simple BJT current mirrors, including their design, operation, and key performance metrics.

    Learning Practice

  • 7.4

    Wilson Or Widlar Current Mirror (Optional/advanced)

    This section elaborates on the Wilson and Widlar current mirrors, highlighting their design, operation, and performance improvements over the simple BJT current mirror.

    Learning Practice

  • 10

    Observations And Readings

    This section outlines the objectives, apparatus, theoretical background, and procedures for designing and characterizing oscillators and current mirrors in an electronics lab.

    Learning Practice

  • 10.1

    Wien Bridge Oscillator Readings

    This section outlines the design and experimental procedure for building and characterizing a Wien Bridge oscillator, including theoretical concepts, practical components, and expected results.

    Learning Practice

  • 10.2

    Lc Oscillator (Colpitts) Readings

    This section covers the design and characterization of LC oscillators, specifically the Colpitts oscillator, its components, working principles, and performance metrics.

    Learning Practice

  • 10.3

    Simple Bjt Current Mirror Readings

    This section explains the design and operation principles of a simple BJT current mirror, highlighting its characteristics and measuring techniques.

    Learning Practice

  • 11

    Calculations

    This section outlines the design, implementation, and analysis of oscillators and current mirrors, highlighting essential calculations, component specifications, and performance metrics.

    Learning Practice

  • 11.1

    Wien Bridge Oscillator Calculations

    This section focuses on the Wien Bridge oscillator, its calculations, and practical design considerations.

    Learning Practice

  • 11.2

    Lc Oscillator (Colpitts) Calculations

    This section covers the design and calculations relevant to the Colpitts LC oscillator, including component selection and expected operational characteristics.

    Learning Practice

  • 11.3

    Simple Bjt Current Mirror Calculations

    This section focuses on the design and calculations involved in constructing a simple BJT current mirror.

    Learning Practice

  • 12

    Results And Discussion

    This section discusses the results and analysis of the design and characterization of oscillators and current mirrors.

    Learning Practice

  • 12.1

    Wien Bridge Oscillator

    This section details the Wien Bridge Oscillator's design, operation, and characteristics, emphasizing its role in producing stable sine wave outputs.

    Learning Practice

  • 12.2

    Lc Oscillator (Colpitts)

    The LC oscillator, specifically the Colpitts configuration, utilizes a tank circuit consisting of capacitors and an inductor to produce oscillations using a feedback mechanism achieved through an active device like a BJT.

    Learning Practice

  • 12.3

    Simple Bjt Current Mirror

    The Simple BJT Current Mirror is a critical circuit in electronic designs, allowing the replication of currents in active devices.

    Learning Practice

  • 12.4

    Wilson Or Widlar Current Mirror (Optional/advanced)

    This section explores the Wilson and Widlar current mirrors, which enhance the basic functionality of simple BJT current mirrors by improving current matching and output resistance.

    Learning Practice

  • 13

    Conclusion

    The conclusion synthesizes the findings of the experiment regarding oscillators and current mirrors, emphasizing their applications and principles.

    Learning Practice

  • 14

    Viva-Voce Questions (For Instructor/self-Study)

    This section provides a series of viva-voce questions, designed to assess understanding of oscillators and current mirrors.

    Learning Practice

References

Untitled document (14).pdf

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • The fundamental principles ...
  • Sinusoidal oscillators like...
  • Current mirrors are essenti...

Final Test

Revision Tests