97.3 - Practical Circuit Application
Enroll to start learning
You’ve not yet enrolled in this course. Please enroll for free to listen to audio lessons, classroom podcasts and take practice test.
Interactive Audio Lesson
Listen to a student-teacher conversation explaining the topic in a relatable way.
Introduction to Feedback in Amplifiers
🔒 Unlock Audio Lesson
Sign up and enroll to listen to this audio lesson
Welcome back, class! Today, we're going to discuss feedback in amplifier circuits. Can anyone tell me why feedback is necessary in amplifiers?
To improve stability?
Exactly! Feedback helps to stabilize gain and reduce distortion. What are the basic configurations we've learned?
There are voltage shunt, current shunt, voltage series, and current series configurations.
Great! These configurations determine how we sample signals in the feedback loop. For instance, in voltage shunt, we sample the output voltage while the input is a current. This setup leads to specific characteristics in the gain and resistance.
What happens to the gain if we apply negative feedback?
Good question! Negative feedback tends to reduce the gain by a factor known as the desensitization factor. Can anyone summarize how we analyze these configurations?
We need to look at how the input and output resistances change in relation to the gain.
Exactly! Understanding these relationships is key to applying feedback effectively.
Exploring BJT Feedback Configurations
🔒 Unlock Audio Lesson
Sign up and enroll to listen to this audio lesson
Now let's dive deeper into BJT feedback configurations. Who can explain the shunt-shunt feedback configuration?
In shunt-shunt feedback, both the input and output are sampled as voltages, right?
Correct! In this case, both the input resistance and output resistance decrease by the desensitization factor. Why do we use this configuration?
To stabilize the input resistance and decrease it simultaneously!
That's right! What about the series-series configuration, can anyone elaborate?
In series-series, both input and output resistances increase.
Exactly! This is useful when we want to increase the overall input impedance of the system. Remember, the ultimate goal of feedback here is to stabilize critical parameters like voltage gain and trans-conductance.
And we must consider the consequences on current gain as well!
Very well put! Let’s summarize: When configuring feedback, always analyze how it affects these parameters.
Feedback in Op-Amp Circuits
🔒 Unlock Audio Lesson
Sign up and enroll to listen to this audio lesson
Let's switch gears and consider operational amplifiers. In which configurations do we typically implement feedback?
Inverting and non-inverting amplifiers!
That's correct! In an inverting amplifier, what happens to the gain when negative feedback is applied?
The gain becomes negative relative to the input signal!
Exactly! And what does that tell us about the stability of the circuit?
It helps to stabilize the gain and reduce distortion in the output.
Absolutely! Always remember that feedback affects each stage's functionality. Can anyone mention the effect of feedback in integrators and differentiators?
Integrators build up voltage over time, while differentiators respond to changes.
Exactly! So choosing the right configuration will dictate both the performance and response of the amplifier.
Introduction & Overview
Read summaries of the section's main ideas at different levels of detail.
Quick Overview
Standard
The section delves into how feedback is applied in various amplifier circuits, specifically through transistor-level configurations like BJT and operational amplifiers. It details the impact of feedback on amplifier characteristics and stability.
Detailed
In this section, we investigate the implementation of feedback systems in amplifier circuits, specifically focusing on three BJT configurations: shunt-shunt feedback, series-series feedback, and shunt-series feedback. These configurations are examined in relation to their effects on the amplifier gain and the input and output resistances. Furthermore, we extend the discussion to op-amp circuits, covering inverting amplifiers and non-inverting configurations, along with the introduction of two feedback loops. The significance of the feedback factor in stabilizing circuit parameters is emphasized, and the consequences of feedback deployment are systematically analyzed.
Youtube Videos
Audio Book
Dive deep into the subject with an immersive audiobook experience.
Overview of Feedback Applications
Chapter 1 of 6
🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter
Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience
Chapter Content
According, to our overall flow we are in a week-10 and we are in module-9. And we have discussed about basic four configurations feedback configurations and their characteristic we also have discussed about effect of feedback on a frequency response of an amplifier. And today’s discussion it is more like continuation of the basic four configurations and specifically how those configurations can be deployed on practical circuits.
Detailed Explanation
In this section, the speaker summarizes past discussions on feedback configurations used in amplifiers. Feedback configurations are crucial as they can improve the performance of amplifiers by stabilizing gains and responses. The focus is now shifting toward practical circuit applications of these theoretical configurations. The context is set within an academic module, indicating a structured approach to learning.
Examples & Analogies
Think about feedback configurations like the GPS in a car. Just as GPS provides real-time updates to adjust your route and keep your journey on track, feedback configurations adjust the performance of amplifiers to ensure they operate within desired parameters.
Types of Feedback Configurations
Chapter 2 of 6
🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter
Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience
Chapter Content
So, we will be talking about is primarily BJT. And then also we will be talking about deployment of feedback system on op-amp circuit. So, we can say that we are at module levels as well as at subsystem levels. ...we shall see how we can deploy or how do we decide different feedback configuration in BJT circuits BJT amplifiers.
Detailed Explanation
This chunk focuses on the specific types of feedback configurations that will be discussed in BJT and operational amplifier (op-amp) circuits. The configurations mentioned include voltage sampling with shunt feedback, current sampling with series mixing, and voltage series feedback. Understanding these configurations is essential for applying feedback in practical circuits effectively.
Examples & Analogies
Consider a coach in a sports team who adjusts the game strategy based on real-time performance by observing players. Similarly, these feedback configurations adjust amplifier performance based on the input and output conditions.
Feedback Configuration Effects
Chapter 3 of 6
🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter
Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience
Chapter Content
So, whatever the configuration we do consider essentially this is the formula by which we can say that A it is getting reduced. ... we are expecting that this current gain it will get reduced.
Detailed Explanation
Here, the speaker explains how applying feedback changes the gain (A) of an amplifier. This reduction is beneficial as it helps in stabilizing and controlling the amplifier's performance. Each feedback configuration affects the various types of gain (current, voltage, etc.) differently, and understanding these effects is key to choosing the correct configuration.
Examples & Analogies
Imagine a dimmer switch for lights. It adjusts the brightness smoothly instead of abrupt changes. Similarly, feedback in amplifiers ensures that the gains can be finely tuned to avoid sudden performance fluctuations.
Selecting the Right Feedback Configuration
Chapter 4 of 6
🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter
Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience
Chapter Content
So, we can say that A that corresponding A of the feedback system if I call A. ... we should be selecting the corresponding configuration here.
Detailed Explanation
This portion emphasizes the importance of understanding which feedback configuration to choose based on the desired output characteristics. The choice depends on whether the goal is to stabilize voltage gain, current gain, or certain resistance values. The right configuration facilitates the specific amplification objectives of a circuit.
Examples & Analogies
Picture a chef choosing ingredients for a recipe. The selection depends on the desired outcome of the dish, akin to how engineers select feedback configurations based on desired circuit performance.
Consequences of Feedback Configurations
Chapter 5 of 6
🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter
Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience
Chapter Content
So, while we are trying to stabilize this Z, you we should be aware that the corresponding input and output resistance they are also getting decreased.
Detailed Explanation
In discussing the repercussions of different feedback configurations, this snippet reveals a key concept: when amplifiers are adjusted for stabilized performance, other parameters, such as input and output resistances, might also change. Understanding these consequences is crucial for ensuring that the desired amplifier characteristics are maintained without unintended side effects.
Examples & Analogies
It's like tuning a musical instrument; making one string sound just right might inadvertently cause others to sound off. Similarly, adjusting feedback can stabilize one performance aspect while altering others, so balance is crucial.
Practical Circuit Implementation
Chapter 6 of 6
🔒 Unlock Audio Chapter
Sign up and enroll to access the full audio experience
Chapter Content
So, here we do have one application circuit shown here, which is a common emitter amplifier. ... our main target it is that we want a stable Z defined by the feedback network.
Detailed Explanation
The focus on practical circuit applications is illustrated here with an example of a common emitter amplifier. This section emphasizes that the ultimate goal of using feedback in circuits is to ensure stability and control over desired parameters, such as impedance (Z). The theoretical concepts are now being applied to a real-world scenario.
Examples & Analogies
Think of tuning the engine in a car. Just as engineers adjust parts for optimal engine performance and stability, electrical engineers fine-tune feedback in amplifiers to achieve stable outputs.
Key Concepts
-
Amplifier Feedback: The use of feedback in amplifiers to stabilize gain and performance.
-
Negative Feedback: A feedback mechanism that reduces output and stabilizes the amplifier's gain.
-
Shunt-Shunt Configuration: A feedback configuration that samples voltage from both input and output.
-
Series-Series Configuration: A configuration that samples signals based on current to affect overall gain.
Examples & Applications
Example of a BJT Shunt-Shunt circuit demonstrating how voltage is feedback to stabilize input resistance.
Case study on operational amplifier inverting configuration illustrating effects of negative feedback on gain.
Memory Aids
Interactive tools to help you remember key concepts
Rhymes
Feedback's the track, that keeps circuits intact.
Stories
Imagine a choir where each singer's voice is adjusted by the conductor—this is like feedback balancing sound in amplifiers.
Memory Tools
R.A.T. – Remember Amplifiers Type: Recall how Resistor configurations Adjusts the stability in the amplifier feedback.
Acronyms
S.C.A.R. – Stabilize, Control, Adjust, Reinforce
The roles of feedback in amplifiers.
Flash Cards
Glossary
- Feedback
A process in which a portion of the output signal is returned to the input to enhance circuit performance.
- BJT
Bipolar Junction Transistor; a type of transistor that uses both electron and hole charge carriers.
- Shunt Feedback
Feedback that samples voltage based on the output signal, usually affecting input and output resistances.
- Series Feedback
Feedback configuration where the signal is sampled based on current, affecting the output gain.
- Desensitization Factor
A factor that reduces the gain of the amplifier due to negative feedback.
Reference links
Supplementary resources to enhance your learning experience.