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5.5 - Comparison Summary

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Understanding Business Requirements

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Teacher
Teacher

Today, we will explore Business Requirements. Can anyone tell me what they are?

Student 1
Student 1

Are they the reasons why a project is started?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Business Requirements articulate the high-level needs of an organization. Remember the acronym 'GOAL' which stands for Goals, Objectives, Alignment, and Launch to help you recall their purpose.

Student 2
Student 2

Can you give an example?

Teacher
Teacher

Certainly! An example would be 'Increase online sales by 20%' in the next six months. This shows a clear strategic goal for the business.

Student 3
Student 3

What document captures these requirements?

Teacher
Teacher

Good question! Business Requirements are documented in the Business Requirements Document (BRD) among other deliverables. Let's summarize: Business Requirements define *why* a project is initiated and are strategic in nature.

Exploring Stakeholder Requirements

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Teacher
Teacher

Now, let's dive into Stakeholder Requirements. Can anyone explain what these are?

Student 4
Student 4

Are they the needs of people who will use the system?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Stakeholder Requirements represent the needs of users and individuals influenced by the project. Think of the phrase 'USER NEEDS: Who needs what?'

Student 1
Student 1

Can you give us some examples?

Teacher
Teacher

Sure! A customer wanting to track their order status in real-time is one example. Remember that these requirements bridge the gap between business and functional requirements.

Student 2
Student 2

How do we document these?

Teacher
Teacher

Great question! We use tools like Stakeholder Matrices and Personas to represent these requirements clearly and effectively.

Functional Requirements Overview

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Teacher
Teacher

Next up are Functional Requirements. Who can explain what these entail?

Student 3
Student 3

Do they specify what the system should do?

Teacher
Teacher

Correct! Functional Requirements focus on specific actions the system must perform. An easy way to remember this is 'WHAT does the system do?'

Student 4
Student 4

Can you provide examples?

Teacher
Teacher

Yes! For example, 'The system shall allow users to reset their passwords' or 'Users can filter products by category and price.' These requirements should be measurable.

Student 1
Student 1

What documents are produced from these?

Teacher
Teacher

Functional Requirements are captured in the Functional Requirements Specification (FRS) and user stories. Remember, they connect stakeholder needs to system features!

Understanding Non-Functional Requirements

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Teacher
Teacher

Finally, let’s look at Non-Functional Requirements, also known as NFRs. Who can define this?

Student 2
Student 2

Aren't they about how the system performs rather than what it does?

Teacher
Teacher

That's right! NFRs focus on performance, security, usability, and other quality attributes. Remember the acronym 'PURS' for Performance, Usability, Reliability, and Security to help you remember this type.

Student 3
Student 3

What is an example of this?

Teacher
Teacher

An example would be 'The system should load in under 2 seconds.' NFRs determine how well the system meets functional requirements.

Student 4
Student 4

How do we ensure they are included?

Teacher
Teacher

NFRs are elicited through stakeholder interviews and must be documented meticulously to ensure they are testable. Let's recap: NFRs address *how well* the system performs its functions.

Summary and Integration of Requirements

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Teacher
Teacher

To summarize, we've discussed Business, Stakeholder, Functional, and Non-Functional Requirements today. Why is it critical to keep them aligned?

Student 2
Student 2

So that all project aspects meet organizational goals and user needs?

Teacher
Teacher

Exactly! Maintaining alignment ensures project relevance and clarity throughout the SDLC. Can you summarize what each requirement answers?

Student 1
Student 1

Business answers *why*, Stakeholder addresses *who needs what*, Functional concerns *what the system does*, and Non-Functional looks at *how well it performs*.

Teacher
Teacher

Great job! Always remember to document requirements clearly to facilitate communication and project success.

Introduction & Overview

Read a summary of the section's main ideas. Choose from Basic, Medium, or Detailed.

Quick Overview

This section highlights the key types of requirements in requirement engineering, focusing on their purpose and characteristics.

Standard

The Comparison Summary distinguishes four main types of requirements—Business, Stakeholder, Functional, and Non-Functional—each addressing different aspects of project initiation, user needs, system functionality, and system qualities. This helps ensure comprehensive requirement documentation.

Detailed

Comparison Summary

Understanding the types of requirements is crucial for Business Analysts (BAs) as they guide the development process and ensure that solutions align with organizational goals. The following categories summarize the requirements:

  1. Business Requirements address the high-level organizational needs that justify a project. They answer why a project is initiated with strategic goals.
  2. Stakeholder Requirements reflect the needs of individual users or groups impacted by the project. They provide clarity on who needs what.
  3. Functional Requirements define what the system does, providing detailed descriptions of its behavior and features necessary for satisfying stakeholder needs.
  4. Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) focus on how well the system should perform, addressing qualities such as performance, security, and usability.

In summary, this comparison helps maintain alignment, relevance, and clarity in both project objectives and deliverables throughout the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC).

Audio Book

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Requirement Types Comparison

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Type of Focus Area | Answered Example

Requirement Question |
Business | Strategic | Why? | "Increase online sales by 20%"
Stakeholder | User Needs | Who needs what? | "Customer wants real-time order tracking"
Functional | System Features | What? | "Allow user to reset password"
Non-functional | System Qualities | How well? | "System must respond within 2 seconds"

Detailed Explanation

This chunk compares the various types of requirements that a Business Analyst must consider. It organizes them into categories based on the focus area of the requirements. Each type is paired with the specific questions they aim to answer.

  1. Business Requirements are strategic and answer 'Why?'—they focus on the overall goals of the business, like increasing sales.
  2. Stakeholder Requirements focus on 'Who needs what?'—they consider the needs of specific users or stakeholders.
  3. Functional Requirements answer 'What?'—laying out the actions the system must take, such as allowing a user to perform a specific task like resetting their password.
  4. Non-functional Requirements answer 'How well?'—which assess the quality attributes of the system, like performance expectations.

Examples & Analogies

Think of a restaurant menu:
- The Business Requirements are like the restaurant's vision to improve sales—perhaps they want to increase dinner service by 20%. This is why they might introduce a new menu.
- The Stakeholder Requirements are like asking the diners what they want on the menu; maybe customers request more vegetarian options.
- The Functional Requirements describe what each dish should include and how it should be prepared; perhaps a dish needs to be served hot within 10 minutes.
- The Non-functional Requirements are akin to ensuring that every dish meets certain standards, like the meals must be served within a specific time or must use organic ingredients.

Definitions & Key Concepts

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Key Concepts

  • Business Requirements: High-level needs justifying project initiation.

  • Stakeholder Requirements: Needs of users and stakeholders impacted by the project.

  • Functional Requirements: Specific system functionalities and features.

  • Non-Functional Requirements: Quality attributes of the system's performance.

Examples & Real-Life Applications

See how the concepts apply in real-world scenarios to understand their practical implications.

Examples

  • An example of Business Requirement: Increase online sales by 20% in the next six months.

  • An example of Stakeholder Requirement: A customer wants to track their order status in real-time.

  • An example of Functional Requirement: The system shall allow users to reset passwords via email.

  • An example of Non-Functional Requirement: The system should load the homepage in under 2 seconds.

Memory Aids

Use mnemonics, acronyms, or visual cues to help remember key information more easily.

🎵 Rhymes Time

  • When project begins and goals we see, Business Requirements guide the strategy!

📖 Fascinating Stories

  • Once upon a time, a company wanted to boost sales. They set a goal to increase online sales by 20% in six months, which became their Business Requirement to justify a new project.

🧠 Other Memory Gems

  • Use 'PURPOSE': P for Performance, U for Usability, R for Reliability, P for Security, O for Operation, S for Systemessentials, E for Effectiveness to remember Non-Functional Requirements.

🎯 Super Acronyms

Remember 'BSFN'

  • Business
  • Stakeholder
  • Functional
  • Non-Functional to categorize types of requirements.

Flash Cards

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Glossary of Terms

Review the Definitions for terms.

  • Term: Business Requirements

    Definition:

    High-level needs of the organization that justify the initiation of a project.

  • Term: Stakeholder Requirements

    Definition:

    Requirements that represent the needs of stakeholders and users.

  • Term: Functional Requirements

    Definition:

    Detailed description of the system behavior and functionalities.

  • Term: NonFunctional Requirements (NFRs)

    Definition:

    Requirements defining how the system should behave, focusing on system qualities.