4. Agriculture
Agriculture plays a crucial role in India's economy, engaging two-thirds of its population. The chapter explores various farming systems, including primitive subsistence and commercial farming, while detailing major crops and their growing conditions across different regions. Moreover, it emphasizes the impact of technological reforms and initiatives aimed at enhancing agricultural productivity.
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What we have learnt
- India has a diverse agricultural landscape influenced by climatic and regional factors.
- Various farming systems practiced include primitive subsistence, intensive subsistence, commercial farming, and plantation.
- Rice and wheat are the major staples, with different cropping seasons and conditions impacting their growth.
Key Concepts
- -- Primitive Subsistence Farming
- A type of farming practiced on small patches of land with primitive tools, relying heavily on natural factors.
- -- Intensive Subsistence Farming
- Labor-intensive farming in areas with high population pressure, using biochemicals and irrigation for higher output.
- -- Commercial Farming
- Farming that employs modern inputs to produce crops mainly for sale in markets.
- -- Rabi and Kharif Crops
- Rabi crops are planted in winter and harvested in summer, whereas Kharif crops are sown with the onset of monsoon and harvested in autumn.
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