3. The Making of a Global World
The chapter delineates the long history of globalization, emphasizing how trade, migration, and cultural exchanges have interconnected societies since ancient times. It highlights significant events and phenomena, from the Silk Routes to the impact of European colonialism, and how these factors have shaped the global economy and societal structures over centuries. The narratives encompass various elements such as the transformation of agriculture, the spread of diseases, and the development of technology and mass production, providing a comprehensive understanding of the economic dynamics that have influenced global development.
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What we have learnt
- Global trade has a long-standing history with early examples such as the Silk Routes connecting diverse regions.
- Cultural exchanges, including the movement of food and ideas, played a significant role in shaping societies.
- The impact of colonialism altered existing economic practices and brought about significant changes in the colonized societies.
- Technological advancements facilitated the growth of global trade by improving transportation and communication.
- Economic systems and labor movements evolved through historical events like the Great Depression and post-war reconstruction.
Key Concepts
- -- Silk Routes
- A network of trade pathways that connected the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods such as silk, pottery, and spices.
- -- Indentured Labor
- A system where individuals contracted to work for a specific period, typically to repay the cost of their passage to a new country.
- -- Bretton Woods Agreement
- A landmark system for monetary management established in 1944, which set rules for commercial and financial relations among the world's major industrial states.
- -- Great Depression
- A severe worldwide economic depression that took place during the 1930s, characterized by a drastic decline in output, employment, and trade.
- -- Multinational Corporations (MNCs)
- Companies that operate in multiple countries beyond their home country, often seeking lower operational costs and new markets.
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