16.8 - Disorders of the Excretory System

Let's start with the concept of kidney malfunction. When kidneys fail, they can't filter waste effectively, leading to a condition called uremia.

Uremia is marked by the build-up of wastes like urea in the blood. It's toxic and needs to be addressed quickly to prevent serious health issues.

Good question! The primary treatment is hemodialysis, which artificially filters blood to remove waste. Remember: Hemodialysis = ‘artificial kidney’.

Yes, kidney transplantation is a solution where a healthy kidney is transplanted into a patient. This is often the best option for chronic kidney failure.

That's important. Rejection is a risk, which is why donors are often relatives. Let's summarize: Uremia is serious; hemodialysis can help; and transplant is a long-term solution.

Next, let's discuss renal calculi, commonly known as kidney stones. Can anyone tell me how they form?

Excellent! They can cause intense pain when passing through the urinary tract. What symptoms might indicate that someone has kidney stones?

Correct! Now, moving on to glomerulonephritis, can anyone explain this condition?

Exactly! This inflammation can lead to loss of kidney function. Remember: Glomerulonephritis = ‘inflammation of the filtering units’.

Understanding these conditions helps us recognize symptoms and seek timely medical intervention. Let's summarize: Kidney stones form from salts, causing pain, while glomerulonephritis is inflammation that affects kidney function.