Urban Waste Disposal: Detailed Overview
Urban waste disposal focuses on the challenges arising from the accumulation of solid waste in urban areas, particularly in Indian cities like Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai. The text outlines the alarming statistics of waste collection and disposal, where up to 90 percent of generated waste remains uncollected in many regions. This inefficiency contributes to severe health hazards and environmental degradation.
Additionally, several types of pollution are detailed:
1. Air Pollution: Emphasizes the relationship between urban activities, such as industrial emissions and vehicle exhaust, leading to harmful air quality.
2. Water Pollution: Discusses the contamination of water bodies from untreated waste, highlighting major polluters and the consequent impact on public health.
3. Land Pollution: Describes the consequences of waste dumping and the role of landfill sites in urban environments.
4. Noise Pollution: Addresses the issue of noise from urban activities and its impact on living conditions.
The section also examines community initiatives like the 'Namami Gange' Program to combat river pollution and the 'Swachh Bharat Mission' focusing on improving waste management. These programs aim to restore ecological balance, involving public participation and innovative management strategies.