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9. GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE ON SELECTED ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

Environmental pollution is primarily caused by human activities that release harmful substances into various ecosystems. Key types of pollution include air, water, land, and noise pollution, each with specific sources and consequences on health and the environment. Urban areas significantly contribute to these issues through waste disposal challenges and the growth of slums, while efforts for ecological restoration and public awareness are crucial for mitigation.

Sections

  • 9

    Geographical Perspective On Selected Issues And Problems

    This section explores the various types of environmental pollution, including water, air, land, and noise pollution, and their impacts on ecosystems and human health.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.1

    Environmental Pollution

    Environmental pollution is caused by human activities releasing harmful substances into the environment, leading to various types including air, water, land, and noise pollution.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.2

    Water Pollution

    Water pollution is a significant environmental issue caused by contaminants introduced by human activities, degrading the quality of water bodies and posing health risks.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.3

    Air Pollution

    Air pollution is the introduction of harmful substances into the atmosphere, significantly impacting human health and the environment.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.4

    Noise Pollution

    Noise pollution is a growing concern that affects urban environments, primarily resulting from industrial and transportation activities.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.5

    Urban Waste Disposal

    This section discusses urban waste disposal and the challenges associated with pollution, predominantly in Indian cities.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.6

    Rural-Urban Migration

    Rural-urban migration refers to the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas, driven by various economic and social factors.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.6

    Slum Problems

    The section discusses the multifaceted issues faced by urban slum dwellers, including poverty, health hazards, and inadequate infrastructure.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.7

    Land Degradation

    This section discusses the causes and effects of land degradation, highlighting both natural and human-induced factors that contribute to the deterioration of land quality.

    Learning Practice

  • 9.8

    Exercises

    This section covers key environmental pollution types, their causes, and effects, with an emphasis on exercises for deeper understanding.

    Learning Practice

References

NCERT Study Material

Class Notes

Memorization

What we have learnt

  • Pollution can be classified...
  • Major sources of water poll...
  • Urban waste management is c...

Final Test

Revision Tests

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