1. Population Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition
India's population, the second largest globally, faces significant socio-economic challenges due to its uneven distribution and growth patterns. Factors such as climate, geography, and historical developments influence population density and urbanization across various states. The chapter discusses the implications of these trends and underscores the importance of policy initiatives aimed at harnessing the potential of India's youth and addressing social issues related to population growth.
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What we have learnt
- India has a highly uneven population distribution with Uttar Pradesh having the highest population.
- The population density in India increased significantly from 117 persons/sq km in 1951 to 382 persons/sq km in 2011.
- The adolescent population plays a crucial role, constituting approximately 20.9% of the total, necessitating focused educational and social policies.
Key Concepts
- -- Population Density
- The number of persons per unit area, used to understand spatial distribution of the population.
- -- Natural Increase
- The difference between the number of live births and the number of deaths in a population, contributing to overall population growth.
- -- Urbanization
- The increasing population shift from rural to urban areas, driven by factors such as development and improved living conditions.
- -- Census
- A systematic enumeration of a population, providing essential data on demographics for planning and policy-making.
- -- Work Participation Rate
- The percentage of the working-age population that is engaged in work, indicating economic activity levels in a region.
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