Significance: India
The food processing industry in India has undergone significant transformation, evolving from an agro-deficit to an agro-surplus economy. This transition has increased the necessity for innovative food storage and processing techniques to cater to diverse consumer demands. The Indian food industry is now a major contributor to the economy, accounting for nearly 6% of the GDP, and ranks fifth globally in terms of size.
The changing lifestyles and preferences of consumers have fueled the demand for fresh, organic, and nutritionally enhanced food products, highlighting the importance of food preservation and fortification. Innovations such as fortifying staple foods with essential nutrients, like iodised salt and fortified flour, are responses to dietary deficiencies common in simpler diets based primarily on staple foods. Furthermore, professionals in food technology are instrumental in developing healthier, more sustainable food options, addressing the challenges posed by health concerns such as obesity and diabetes. Thus, the discipline of food processing and technology plays a critical role in ensuring food safety, quality, and accessibility in the Indian context.