Adivasi Struggles
The term 'Adivasi' refers to the indigenous peoples of India, recognized in the Constitution as Scheduled Tribes. Adivasis traditionally inhabit areas rich in forest resources, establishing a deep connection with their land and its ecological balance. However, with colonial and post-colonial policies prioritizing industrial and urban development, their lives have been significantly disrupted.
Historical Context
Historical patterns of resource extraction began under British colonial rule, where lands were appropriated by colonial powers, eroding Adivasi rights to their traditional territories. Following independence, policies aimed at national development continued to benefit industrial corporations, leading to further displacement and dispossession of Adivasi lands.
Economic Displacement
Adivasis have historically cultivated and utilized forest lands for sustenance. The colonial government’s reservation of forests and subsequent policies focused on logging and commercial exploitation disadvantaged Adivasis, forcing them into poverty and diminishing their livelihoods.
Modern Challenges
In contemporary times, issues persist with large-scale projects like dams and mines, which often displace Adivasi communities without appropriate compensation or rehabilitation. This ongoing struggle is emphasized by movements that advocate for Adivasi rights, aiming to counteract state and corporate exploitation.
The Political Landscape
Unlike Dalits, Adivasis have been able to organize states based on their geographical concentration, resulting in political mobilization for the creation of states like Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh, which acknowledge their historical struggles.
The struggles of Adivasis reflect a broader narrative of disempowerment and resilience in seeking justice and recognition for their rights and identity.