3. Poverty as a Challenge
Poverty in India is a multifaceted challenge affecting a significant portion of the population, with roots in historical, socio-economic, and cultural factors. The chapter explores various dimensions of poverty, including urban and rural cases, poverty measurement, trends, causes, and government interventions. It emphasizes the importance of not only economic growth but also targeted anti-poverty programs to address the complexities of poverty while broadening the scope of understanding towards human poverty.
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What we have learnt
- Poverty impacts millions in India, constituting roughly 270 million people as of 2011-12.
- The poverty line is defined differently across countries and is based on income or consumption levels necessary to meet basic needs.
- Social exclusion and vulnerability are key concepts that reflect the deeper dimensions of poverty beyond mere economic measures.
Key Concepts
- -- Poverty Line
- A threshold income level used to determine who falls below the minimum standard of living necessary to meet basic needs.
- -- Social Exclusion
- The process through which certain individuals or groups are systematically disadvantaged and denied equal opportunities.
- -- Vulnerability
- The likelihood of certain groups to experience poverty based on their limited access to resources, opportunities, and higher risks during crisis situations.
- -- Human Poverty
- An expanded view of poverty that incorporates various essential aspects such as access to education, health care, and basic human rights.
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