2. Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution
The chapter explores the evolution of social and political ideas in Europe, focusing on the impact of the French Revolution, the emergence of liberal and socialist ideologies, and the Russian Revolution's significance. It examines how various political traditions influenced societal transformations and culminates in discussions about the Bolshevik Revolution and its implications for property and governance in Russia.
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Sections
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What we have learnt
- The French Revolution facilitated discussions on individual rights and societal change.
- Liberalism, radicalism, and conservatism represented diverse political responses to societal transformations in the 19th century.
- Socialism emerged as a significant ideology advocating for collective ownership and the welfare of the working class.
Key Concepts
- -- Liberalism
- A political ideology advocating for individual rights, representative government, and limited state intervention, though not supporting universal suffrage.
- -- Socialism
- An ideology opposing private property, advocating for collective ownership and control of resources for the benefit of society.
- -- Bolshevism
- A faction of the Russian Social Democratic Party that advocated for a revolutionary overthrow of capitalism and the establishment of socialism through a party-led dictatorship.
- -- Tsarist Autocracy
- A government system in Russia where the Tsar held absolute power, with no parliamentary oversight or constitutional limits.
Additional Learning Materials
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